The scales and tales of myelination: using zebrafish and mouse to study myelinating glia

• Published in: Brain research Vol. 1641; no. Pt A; pp. 79 - 91
• Main Authors: Ackerman, Sarah D, Monk, Kelly R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15.06.2016
• Subjects: Animals; Biological Evolution; Humans; Mice - growth & development; Mice - physiology; Mouse; Myelin; Myelin Sheath - physiology; Nerve Regeneration - physiology; Neurology; Oligodendrocyte; Schwann cell; Zebrafish; Zebrafish - growth & development; Zebrafish - physiology; aGPCR; NTF; OPC; E; TALENs; insertion and deletion; BL; pLLn; GPS; cAMP; transcription activator-like effector nucleases; oligodendrocyte precursor cell; SC; posterior lateral line nerve; clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR associated; Schwann cell; CRISPR-Cas; embryonic day; days post-fertilization; dpf; protein kinase A; GPCR autoproteolysis-inducing; OL; GAIN; hpf; 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate; mpf; Myelin; C-terminal fragment; oligodendrocyte; PKA; adhesion G protein-coupled receptor; hours post-fertilization; Zebrafish; N-terminal fragment; GPCR proteolytic site; CTF; Mouse; basal lamina; months post-fertilization; indel; Oligodendrocyte
• ISSN: 0006-8993; 1872-6240
• DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.10.011

Abstract Myelin, the lipid-rich sheath that insulates axons to facilitate rapid conduction of action potentials, is an evolutionary innovation of the jawed-vertebrate lineage. Research efforts aimed at understanding the molecular mechanisms governing myelination have primarily focused on rodent models; however, with the advent of the zebrafish model system in the late twentieth century, the use of this genetically tractable, yet simpler vertebrate for studying myelination has steadily increased. In this review, we compare myelinating glial cell biology during development and regeneration in zebrafish and mouse and enumerate the advantages and disadvantages of using each model to study myelination. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Myelin Evolution. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Myelin Evolution.