Effect of Bioactive Filler Addition on the Mechanical and Biological Properties of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer

• Published in: Materials Vol. 16; no. 5; p. 1765
• Main Authors: Diniz, Ana Carolina, Bauer, José, Veloso, Suzanni do Amaral Rodrigues, Abreu-Pereira, César Augusto, Carvalho, Ceci Nunes, Leitão, Tarcísio Jorge, Firoozmand, Leily Macedo, Maia-Filho, Etevaldo Matos
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 21.02.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Acids; Alkalizing; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antimicrobial agents; Biocompatibility; Biofilms; Bioglass; Biological activity; Biological properties; Biomedical materials; Calcium fluoride; Calcium ions; Demineralizing; Dental cement; Dentin; Electrodes; Fillers; Fluorides; Glass ionomer cements; Hydroxyapatite; Manufacturers; Mechanical properties; Microhardness; Microorganisms; Niobium; Phosphates; Resins; tooth demineralization; Brazil; United Kingdom > UK; glass ionomer cements; tooth demineralization; dentin
• ISSN: 1996-1944; 1996-1944
• DOI: 10.3390/ma16051765

The maintenance of affected dentin can promote the greater conservation of tooth structure. The development of materials that have properties capable of reducing the demineralizing potential and/or even helping in dental remineralization is important for conservative dentistry. This study aimed to evaluate, in vitro, the alkalizing potential, fluoride as well as calcium ion release ability, antimicrobial activity, and dentin remineralization properties of resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) incorporated with a bioactive filler (niobium phosphate (NbG) and bioglass (45S5)). The study samples were grouped into RMGIC, NbG, and 45S5. The materials' alkalizing potential, ability to release calcium as well as fluoride ions, and antimicrobial properties concerning UA159 biofilms were analyzed. The remineralization potential was evaluated using the Knoop microhardness test, which was performed at different depths. The alkalizing and fluoride release potential was higher for the 45S5 group ( < 0.001) over time. An increase in the microhardness of demineralized dentin was observed in the 45S5 and NbG groups ( < 0.001). No differences in biofilm formation were observed between the bioactive materials, although 45S5 exhibited lower biofilm acidogenicity at different time points ( < 0.001) and greater calcium ion release in the microbial environment. A resin-modified glass ionomer cement enriched with bioactive glasses, particularly 45S5, is a promising alternative for the treatment of demineralized dentin.