In primary airway epithelial cells, the unjamming transition is distinct from the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

• Published in: Nature communications Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 5053 - 14
• Main Authors: Mitchel, Jennifer A., Das, Amit, O’Sullivan, Michael J., Stancil, Ian T., DeCamp, Stephen J., Koehler, Stephan, Ocaña, Oscar H., Butler, James P., Fredberg, Jeffrey J., Nieto, M. Angela, Bi, Dapeng, Park, Jin-Ah
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 07.10.2020; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 13/106; 14; 38/77; 38/90; 631/57/343/1361; 631/80/84/2176; 631/80/84/2334; 639/766/747; 82/29; 82/51; 96/63; Bronchi - cytology; Bronchi - physiology; Cell Movement - physiology; Cell Plasticity - physiology; Cells, Cultured; Epithelial Cells - physiology; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition - physiology; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; multidisciplinary; Primary Cell Culture; Regeneration; Respiratory Mucosa - cytology; Respiratory Mucosa - physiology; Science; Science (multidisciplinary)
• ISSN: 2041-1723; 2041-1723
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18841-7

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the unjamming transition (UJT) each comprises a gateway to cellular migration, plasticity and remodeling, but the extent to which these core programs are distinct, overlapping, or identical has remained undefined. Here, we triggered partial EMT (pEMT) or UJT in differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells. After triggering UJT, cell-cell junctions, apico-basal polarity, and barrier function remain intact, cells elongate and align into cooperative migratory packs, and mesenchymal markers of EMT remain unapparent. After triggering pEMT these and other metrics of UJT versus pEMT diverge. A computational model attributes effects of pEMT mainly to diminished junctional tension but attributes those of UJT mainly to augmented cellular propulsion. Through the actions of UJT and pEMT working independently, sequentially, or interactively, those tissues that are subject to development, injury, or disease become endowed with rich mechanisms for cellular migration, plasticity, self-repair, and regeneration. During repair, development, or cancer metastasis, epithelial cells can become migratory through partial or full epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, the authors report that differentiated epithelial collectives may undergo cooperative and collective migration without evidence of partial EMT through an unjamming transition (UJT).