Synthesis and Evaluation of Herbal Chitosan from Ganoderma Lucidum Spore Powder for Biomedical Applications

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 8; no. 1; pp. 14608 - 12
• Main Authors: Zhu, Li-Fang, Yao, Zhi-Cheng, Ahmad, Zeeshan, Li, Jing-Song, Chang, Ming-Wei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 02.10.2018; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 13/31; 14/34; 14/63; 639/166/985; 639/301/54/990; Biocompatibility; Biomaterials; Biopolymers; Chitosan; Chitosan Preparation; Crustaceans; Deacetylation; Degradation Velocity; E coli; Emission Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope; Escherichia coli; Fourier analysis; Fourier transforms; Ganoderic Acid; Herbal Sources; Humanities and Social Sciences; Infrared spectroscopy; multidisciplinary; Mushrooms; Powder; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Staphylococcus aureus; Ultrasound; X-ray diffraction; Ganoderic Acid; Emission Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope; Chitosan Preparation; Degradation Velocity; Herbal Sources
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33088-5

Chitosan is an extremely valuable biopolymer and is usually obtained as a byproduct from the shells of crustaceans. In the current work, chitosan is obtained from an herbal source ( Ganoderma lucidum spore powder (GLSP)) for the first time. To show this, both standard (thermochemical deacetylation, (TCD)) and emerging (ultrasound-assisted deacetylation (USAD)) methods of chitosan preparation were used. The obtained chitosan was characterized by elemental analysis, XRD (X-ray diffraction), FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and thermogravimetric measurements. The process resulted in chitosan possessing comparable values of DD, [η] and Mv ¯ to the commercial product. Chitosan obtained via both processes (TCD and USAD) displayed excellent biocompatibility; although the USAD prepared biopolymer exhibited significantly improved fibroblast (L929 cell) viability and enhanced antibacterial zones for both Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ). The findings of new herbal chitosan mark key developments of natural biomaterials; marking a potential shift from conventional sea-based organisms.