Analysis of penicillamine using Cu-modified graphene quantum dots synthesized from uric acid as single precursor

• Published in: Journal of pharmaceutical analysis Vol. 7; no. 5; pp. 324 - 331
• Main Authors: Durán, Gema M., Benavidez, Tomás E., Contento, Ana M., Ríos, Angel, García, Carlos D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: China Elsevier B.V 01.10.2017; Xi'an Jiaotong University, Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Elsevier
• Subjects: Absorption spectroscopy; Carbon; dots;One-step; Fluorescence quenching; Fourier transforms; Graphene; Graphene quantum dots; Infrared spectroscopy; Methods; Nanomaterials; Nanoparticles; One-step synthesis; Original; Penicillamine; Pharmaceutical preparations; Pharmaceuticals; preparations; quantum; Quantum dots; quenching;Penicillamine;Pharmaceutical; Raman spectroscopy; Sodium; Spectrum analysis; synthesis;Fluorescence; Transmission electron microscopy; Uric acid; X-ray diffraction; United States > US; Germany; Spain; Pharmaceutical preparations; Penicillamine; Graphene quantum dots; One-step synthesis; Fluorescence quenching
• ISSN: 2095-1779; 2214-0883
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2017.07.002

A simple methodology was developed to quantify penicillamine (PA) in pharmaceutical samples, using the selective interaction of the drug with Cu-modified graphene quantum dots (Cu-GQDs). The proposed strategy combines the advantages of carbon dots (over other nanoparticles) with the high affinity of PA for the proposed Cu-GQDs, resulting in a significant and selective quenching effect. Under the optimum conditions for the interaction, a linear response (in the 0.10-7.50 μmol/L PA concentration range) was observed. The highly fluorescent GQDs used were synthesized using uric acid as single precursor and then characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence, and absorption spectroscopy. The proposed methodology could also be extended to other compounds, further expanding the applicability of GQDs.