Validation of the Spanish Version of the Quality of Dying and Death Questionnaire (QODD-ESP) in a Home-Based Cancer Palliative Care Program and Development of the QODD-ESP-12

• Published in: Journal of pain and symptom management Vol. 53; no. 6; pp. 1042 - 1049.e3
• Main Authors: Pérez-Cruz, Pedro E., MD MPH, Padilla Pérez, Oslando, Bonati, Pilar, RN, Thomsen Parisi, Oliva, MD, Tupper Satt, Laura, MD, Gonzalez Otaiza, Marcela, MD, Ceballos Yáñez, Diego, Maldonado Morgado, Armando, MD
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.06.2017; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Aged; Anesthesia & Perioperative Care; Cancer; Caregivers; Caregivers - psychology; Chi-Square Test; Convergent validity; Death; Death & dying; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Female; Home based; home care; Home Care Services; Humans; Interviews as Topic; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms - diagnosis; Pain Medicine; Palliative Care; Psychometrics; Quality of death; Quality of Life; Quantitative psychology; Questionnaires; Reliability; Reproducibility of Results; Sampling; Spanish language; survey; Surveys and Questionnaires; telephone interview; Translating; Validity; survey; quality of death; cancer; home care; palliative care; telephone interview; Quality of death
• ISSN: 0885-3924; 1873-6513
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.02.005

Abstract Context Improving quality of death (QOD) is a key goal in palliative care. To our knowledge, no instruments to measure QOD have been validated in Spanish. Objectives The goals of this study were to validate the Spanish version of the quality of dying and death questionnaire (QODD) and to develop and validate a shortened version of this instrument by phone interview. Methods We enrolled caregivers of consecutive deceased cancer patients who participated in a single palliative care clinic. Caregivers were contacted by phone between 4 and 12 weeks after patients’ death and completed the Spanish QODD (QODD-ESP). A question assessing quality of life (QOL) during last week of life was included. A 12-item QODD (QODD-ESP-12) was developed. Reliability, convergent validity and construct validity were estimated for both versions. Results 150 (50%) out of 302 caregivers completed the QODD-ESP. Patients mean (standard deviation [SD]) age was 67 (14) , 71 (47%) female and 131 (87%) died at home. Caregivers mean (SD) age was 51 (13) , 128 (85%) female. Mean QODD-ESP score was 69 (range 35-96). Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was .322, not supporting the use of factorial analysis (FA) to assess the existence of an underlying construct. Mean QODD-ESP-12 score was 69 (range 31-97). Correlation with last week QOL was .306 (p<.01). Confirmatory FA of QODD-ESP-12 showed that data fitted well Downey’s four factors, chi-square 6.32 (df=60), p=.394 Comparative Fit Index=.988; Tuker-Lewis Index=.987 and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) =.016 (95% CI: 0-.052). Discussion QODD-ESP-12 is a reliable and valid instrument with good psychometric properties and can be used to assess QOD in a Spanish speaking cancer palliative care population by phone interview.