Estimating submarine groundwater discharge in Jeju volcanic island (Korea) during a typhoon (Kong-rey) using humic-fluorescent dissolved organic matter-Si mass balance

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 11; no. 1; p. 941
• Main Authors: Cho, Hyung-Mi, Kim, Tae-Hoon, Moon, Jae-Hong, Song, Byung-Chan, Hwang, Dong-Woon, Kim, Taejin, Im, Dong-Hoon
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 13.01.2021; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 704/47; 704/829; 704/829/827; Dissolved organic carbon; Dissolved organic matter; Dissolved organic nitrogen; Groundwater; Groundwater discharge; Humanities and Social Sciences; Islands; Mass balance models; multidisciplinary; Nitrogen; Nutrients; Organic nitrogen; Particulate organic carbon; Phosphorus; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Typhoons; Volcanic islands
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79381-0

We examined the residence time, seepage rate, and submarine groundwater discharge (SGD)-driven dissolved nutrients and organic matter in Hwasun Bay, Jeju Island, Korea during the occurrence of a typhoon, Kong-rey, using a humic fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM H )-Si mass balance model. The study period spanned October 4–10, 2018. One day after the typhoon, the residence time and seepage rate were calculated to be 1 day and 0.51 m day −1 , respectively, and the highest SGD-driven fluxes of chemical constituents were estimated (1.7 × 10 6  mol day −1 for dissolved inorganic nitrogen, 0.1 × 10 6  mol day −1 for dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), 1.1 × 10 6  mol day −1 for dissolved silicon, 0.5 × 10 6  mol day −1 for dissolved organic carbon, 1.6 × 10 6  mol day −1 for dissolved organic nitrogen, 0.4 × 10 6 mol day −1 for particulate organic carbon, and 38 × 10 6  g QS day −1 for FDOM H ). SGD-driven fluxes of dissolved nutrient and organic matter were over 90% of the total input fluxes in Hwasun Bay. Our results highlight the potential of using the FDOM H -Si mass balance model to effectively measure SGD within a specific area (i.e., volcanic islands) under specific weather conditions (i.e., typhoon/storm). In oligotrophic oceanic regions, SGD-driven chemical fluxes from highly permeable islands considerably contribute to coastal nutrient budgets and coastal biological production.