Identification of the rhizospheric microbe and metabolites that led by the continuous cropping of ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud)

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 20408 - 11
• Main Authors: Wang, Yanzhou, Zhu, Siyuan, Liu, Touming, Guo, Bing, Li, Fu, Bai, Xuehua
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 23.11.2020; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 631/158; 631/326; 631/337; 631/449; Abundance; Antibiotics; Azospirillum brasilense - growth & development; Azospirillum brasilense - metabolism; Azospirillum lipoferum - growth & development; Azospirillum lipoferum - metabolism; Boehmeria - metabolism; Boehmeria - microbiology; Boehmeria nivea; Bradyrhizobium - growth & development; Bradyrhizobium - metabolism; Continuous cropping; Crops, Agricultural; Dipeptides - metabolism; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glycerol; Glycerol - metabolism; Health risks; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Lysobacter - growth & development; Lysobacter - metabolism; Malonates - metabolism; Metabolites; Metabolomics; Metabolomics - methods; Metagenomics; Metagenomics - methods; Methionine; Methionine - metabolism; Microorganisms; multidisciplinary; Orthophosphate; Phosphates - metabolism; Plant resistance; Relative abundance; Rhizosphere; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Soil - chemistry; Soil Microbiology; Stress, Physiological; Uracil; Uracil - metabolism
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77475-3

Continuous cropping lowers the production and quality of ramie ( Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud). This study aimed to reveal the metagenomic and metabolomic changes between the healthy- and obstacle-plant after a long period of continuous cropping. After 10 years of continuous cropping, ramie planted in some portions of the land exhibited weak growth and low yield (Obstacle-group), whereas, ramie planted in the other portion of the land grew healthy (Health-group). We collected rhizosphere soil and root samples from which measurements of soil chemical and plant physiochemical properties were taken. All samples were subjected to non-targeted gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GS/MS) metabolome analysis. Further, metagenomics was performed to analyze the functional genes in rhizospheric soil organisms. Based on the findings, ramie in Obstacle-group were characterized by shorter plant height, smaller stem diameter, and lower fiber production than that in Health-group. Besides, the Obstacle-group showed a lower relative abundance of Rhizobiaceae, Lysobacter antibioticus, and Bradyrhizobium japonicum , but a higher relative abundance of Azospirillum lipoferum and A. brasilense compared to the Health-group. Metabolomic analysis results implicated cysteinylglycine (Cys-Gly), uracil, malonate, and glycerol as the key differential metabolites between the Health- and Obstacle-group. Notably, this work revealed that bacteria such as Rhizobia potentially synthesize IAA and are likely to reduce the biotic stress of ramie. L. antibioticus also exerts a positive effect on plants in the fight against biotic stress and is mediated by metabolites including orthophosphate, uracil, and Cys-Gly, which may serve as markers for disease risk. These bacterial effects can play a key role in plant resistance to biotic stress via metabolic and methionine metabolism pathways.