The role of tropical waves in the genesis of Tropical Cyclone Seroja in the Maritime Continent

• Published in: Nature communications Vol. 14; no. 1; p. 856
• Main Authors: Latos, Beata, Peyrillé, Philippe, Lefort, Thierry, Baranowski, Dariusz B., Flatau, Maria K., Flatau, Piotr J., Riama, Nelly Florida, Permana, Donaldi S., Rydbeck, Adam V., Matthews, Adrian J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 15.02.2023; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 704/106/35/823; 704/4111; Atmospheric conditions; Convection; Cyclogenesis; Cyclones; Earth Sciences; Equatorial regions; Historic floods; Humanities and Social Sciences; Hurricanes; Kelvin waves; Madden-Julian oscillation; Meteorology; multidisciplinary; Planetary waves; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Sciences of the Universe; Tropical cyclones; Wave interaction; Timor-Leste; Indonesia
• ISSN: 2041-1723; 2041-1723
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36498-w

Tropical cyclone Seroja was one of the first tropical cyclones to significantly impact Indonesian land, and the strongest one in such close proximity to Timor Island. In April 2021 Seroja brought historic flooding to near-equatorial regions of Indonesia and East Timor, as well as impacting Western Australia. Here we show that the unusual near-equatorial cyclogenesis in close proximity to a land mass was due to “perfect storm” conditions associated with multiple wave interactions. Specifically, this was associated with enhanced equatorial convection on the leading edge of a Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) event. Within the MJO, the interaction between a convectively coupled equatorial Rossby wave and two convectively coupled Kelvin waves span up the initial vortex and accelerated cyclogenesis. On average, such favorable atmospheric conditions can occur once per year. These results indicate the potential for increased predictability of tropical cyclones over the Maritime Continent. Tropical cyclone Seroja was one of the first cyclones to strike near-equatorial regions of Indonesia and East Timor. The unusual cyclogenesis close to a land mass was due to “perfect storm” conditions associated with multiple wave interactions.