Protective Action of Ostreococcus tauri and Phaeodactylum tricornutum Extracts towards Benzo[a]Pyrene-Induced Cytotoxicity in Endothelial Cells

• Published in: Marine drugs Vol. 18; no. 1; p. 3
• Main Authors: Goff, Manon Le, Delbrut, Antoine, Quinton, Marie, Pradelles, Rémi, Bescher, Maelle, Burel, Agnès, Schoefs, Benoît, Sergent, Odile, Lagadic-Gossmann, Dominique, Ferrec, Eric Le, Ulmann, Lionel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 18.12.2019; MDPI
• Subjects: Algae; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Apoptosis - drug effects; Aquatic microorganisms; Aromatic compounds; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Benzo(a)pyrene; Benzo(a)pyrene - toxicity; Biocompatibility; Biological activity; Biological Products - pharmacology; Cancer; Cardiovascular diseases; Carotenoids; Cell Line; Cell Survival - drug effects; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - metabolism; Cytochrome P450; Cytokines; Cytokines - drug effects; Cytotoxicity; Disease prevention; Endothelial Cells; Extracellular; Extracellular vesicles; Extracellular Vesicles - drug effects; Extracellular Vesicles - ultrastructure; Fatty acids; Food; Human diseases; Humans; Hydrocarbons; Inflammation; Interleukin 1; Interleukin 8; Life Sciences; Metabolism; Metabolites; Microalgae - chemistry; Microorganisms; Oceans and Seas; Phytoplankton; Pigments; Pollutants; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Pyrene; Receptors; Toxicity; United States > US; endothelial cells; benzo[a]pyrene; cell viability; extracellular vesicles; Ostreococcus tauri; Phaeodactylum tricornutum; cytokines; cell protection; aryl hydrocarbon receptor; mRNA expression
• ISSN: 1660-3397; 1660-3397
• DOI: 10.3390/md18010003

Marine microalgae are known to be a source of bioactive molecules of interest to human health, such as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and carotenoids. The fact that some of these natural compounds are known to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and apoptosis-inducing effects, demonstrates their potential use in preventing cancers and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), is an ubiquitous environmental pollutant known to contribute to the development or aggravation of human diseases, such as cancer, CVDs, and immune dysfunction. Most of these deleterious effects are related to the activation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). In this context, two ethanolic microalgal extracts with concentrations of 0.1 to 5 µg/mL are tested, (OT) and (PT), in order to evaluate and compare their potential effects towards B[a]P-induced toxicity in endothelial HMEC-1 cells. Our results indicate that the OT extract can influence the toxicity of B[a]P. Indeed, apoptosis and the production of extracellular vesicles were decreased, likely through the reduction of the expression of CYP1A1, a B[a]P bioactivation enzyme. Furthermore, the B[a]P-induced expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and IL1-β was reduced. The PT extract only inhibited the expression of the B[a]P-induced cytokine IL-8 expression. The OT extract therefore seems to be a good candidate for counteracting the B[a]P toxicity.