To lie or not to lie: Super-relaxing with myosins

Since the discovery of muscle in the 19th century, myosins as molecular motors have been extensively studied. However, in the last decade, a new functional super-relaxed (SRX) state of myosin has been discovered, which has a 10-fold slower ATP turnover rate than the already-known non-actin-bound, di...

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Bibliographic Details
Published ineLife Vol. 10
Main Authors Nag, Suman, Trivedi, Darshan V
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England eLife Science Publications, Ltd 10.02.2021
eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
Subjects
Actin
Animals
Binding sites
Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
Cardiac muscle
Cardiomyopathy
Cell division
Enzymes
Equilibrium
Humans
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Interacting heads motif
Mavacamten
Muscle Contraction
Muscle proteins
Muscle, Skeletal - physiology
Muscles
Myosin
Myosins - physiology
Phosphorylation
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Review
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
Super-relaxed state
Thermogenesis
Interacting heads motif
Muscle Contraction
chemical biology
Myosin
biochemistry
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Super-relaxed state
structural biology
Mavacamten
molecular biophysics
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Summary:Since the discovery of muscle in the 19th century, myosins as molecular motors have been extensively studied. However, in the last decade, a new functional super-relaxed (SRX) state of myosin has been discovered, which has a 10-fold slower ATP turnover rate than the already-known non-actin-bound, disordered relaxed (DRX) state. These two states are in dynamic equilibrium under resting muscle conditions and are thought to be significant contributors to adaptive thermogenesis in skeletal muscle and can act as a reserve pool that may be recruited when there is a sustained demand for increased cardiac muscle power. This report provides an evolutionary perspective of how striated muscle contraction is regulated by modulating this myosin DRX↔SRX state equilibrium. We further discuss this equilibrium with respect to different physiological and pathophysiological perturbations, including insults causing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and small-molecule effectors that modulate muscle contractility in diseased pathology.
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Kainomyx Inc, South San Francisco, United States.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:2050-084X
2050-084X
DOI:10.7554/eLife.63703