Systematic Literature Review of the Epidemiological Characteristics of Pneumococcal Disease Caused by the Additional Serotypes Covered by the 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine

• Published in: Microorganisms (Basel) Vol. 11; no. 7; p. 1816
• Main Authors: Méroc, Estelle, Fletcher, Mark A, Hanquet, Germaine, Slack, Mary P E, Baay, Marc, Hayford, Kyla, Gessner, Bradford D, Grant, Lindsay R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.07.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; Adults; Analysis; Antibiotics; antimicrobial non-susceptibility; Children; Conjugates; Decision making; Disease susceptibility; Dosage and administration; Ear diseases; Epidemiology; Health aspects; Immunization; incidence; invasive pneumococcal disease; Literature reviews; Meningitis; Otitis media; Pediatrics; Penicillin; Pneumococcal infections; Pneumococcal vaccine; Pneumonia; Prevention; proportion; Review; Risk factors; Serotypes; severity; Systematic review; Vaccines; Valency; United States; PCV15; severity; 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; antimicrobial non-susceptibility; proportion; PCV20; invasive pneumococcal disease; incidence; Streptococcus pneumoniae
• ISSN: 2076-2607; 2076-2607
• DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071816

Higher valency pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV15 and PCV20) have been developed to address the disease burden of current non-vaccine serotypes. This review describes the epidemiological characteristics of serotypes beyond PCV13 (serotypes 8, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15B/C, 22F, and 33F; PCV20nonPCV13 serotypes). Peer-reviewed studies published between 1 January 2010 (the year PCV13 became available) and 18 August 2020 were systematically reviewed (PROSPERO number: CRD42021212875). Data describing serotype-specific outcomes on disease proportions, incidence, severity, and antimicrobial non-susceptibility were summarized for individual and aggregate PCV20nonPCV13 serotypes by age group and by type and duration of pediatric PCV immunization program. Of 1168 studies, 127 (11%) were included in the analysis. PCV20nonPCV13 serotypes accounted for 28% of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), although the most frequent serotypes differed between children (10A, 15B/C) and adults (8, 12F, 22F). In children, serotype 15B/C tended to be more frequently associated with pneumococcal meningitis and acute otitis media; in adults, serotype 8 was more frequently associated with pneumonia and serotype 12F with meningitis. Serotypes 10A and 15B/C in children and 11A and 15B/C in adults were often associated with severe IPD. Serotype 15B/C was also among the most frequently identified penicillin/macrolide non-susceptible PCV20nonPCV13 serotypes. These results could inform decision making about higher valency PCV choice and use.