Common effects of fat, ethanol, and nicotine on enkephalin in discrete areas of the brain

• Published in: Neuroscience Vol. 277; pp. 665 - 678
• Main Authors: Chang, G.-Q, Karatayev, O, Barson, J.R, Liang, S.C, Leibowitz, S.F
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Ltd 26.09.2014
• Subjects: Amygdala; Animals; Brain - drug effects; Brain - metabolism; Central Nervous System Depressants - pharmacology; Corticosterone - blood; Dietary Sucrose - administration & dosage; Emulsions - administration & dosage; Enkephalins - metabolism; Ethanol - pharmacology; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous - administration & dosage; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Hypothalamus; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Neurology; Neurons - drug effects; Neurons - metabolism; Nicotine - pharmacology; Nicotinic Agonists - pharmacology; Nucleus accumbens; Phospholipids - administration & dosage; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos - metabolism; Rat; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger - metabolism; Soybean Oil - administration & dosage; Sucrose; Triglycerides - blood; basolateral nucleus of the amygdala; immunoreactivity; amygdala; ENK; EPM; digoxigenin; Rat; Sucrose; phosphate buffer; PVN; elevated plus maze; NAc shell; enkephalin; NAc; central nucleus of the amygdala; NAcC; NAc core; SSC; DIG; AMYG; sodium chloride and sodium citrate; ir; nucleus accumbens; triglycerides; paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus; S.E.M; NAcSh; fluorescence in situ hybridization; CORT; HYPO; PB; TG; BLA; γ-aminobutyric acid; FISH; GABA; standard error of the mean; corticosterone; CeA; hypothalamus; Amygdala; Hypothalamus; Nucleus accumbens
• ISSN: 0306-4522; 1873-7544
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.07.050

Highlights • Fat, ethanol, and nicotine but not sucrose activate neurons in the same hypothalamic and limbic areas. • Fat, ethanol, and nicotine but not sucrose activate enkephalin in the same neuronal populations. • Fat, ethanol, and nicotine dosing regimens have little effect on stress-related behaviors or levels of cortisol. • Fat, ethanol, and nicotine increase circulating levels of the lipids, triglycerides.