Poor diet quality among Brazilian adolescents with HIV/AIDS

• Published in: Jornal de pediatria Vol. 91; no. 2; pp. 152 - 159
• Main Authors: Tanaka, Luana Fiengo, Dias de Oliveira Latorre, Maria do Rosário, Medeiros da Silva, Aline, Roma de Oliveira Konstantyner, Thais Claudia, Mendes, Elissa Caroline, Sousa Marques, Heloísa Helena
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Portuguese
• Published: Brazil Elsevier Editora Ltda 01.03.2015; Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria; Elsevier
• Subjects: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - complications; Adolescent; Adolescente; Brazil; Child; Cohort Studies; Consumo alimentar; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet - standards; Diet Surveys; Feeding Behavior; Female; Food consumption; Healthy eating index; HIV/AIDS; Hospitals, Pediatric; Humans; Male; Medical Records; Nutritional Status; PEDIATRICS; Socioeconomic Factors; Young Adult; Índice de qualidade da dieta; HIV/AIDS; Healthy eating index; Adolescent; Consumo alimentar; Food consumption; Índice de qualidade da dieta; Adolescente
• ISSN: 0021-7557; 1678-4782; 1678-4782
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2014.06.007

This study aimed to assess diet quality among adolescents with HIV/AIDS. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving patients with HIV/AIDS treated in a referral hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Eighty-eight adolescents (10-19 years of age) participated in the study. Information on disease history and use of medication were obtained from medical records. The participants responded to two 24-hour diet recalls. Diet quality was assessed by means of the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) adapted to the Brazilian population. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated. Mean HEI-2005 scores were compared according to the independent variables using either the Student's t-test or the Mann-Whitney test. The mean HEI-2005 score was 51.90 (SE=0.90). The components with the lowest means were whole grains and sodium. Components with highest means were total grains and oils. No correlations were found between the independent variables and HEI score. Adolescents living in foster homes had higher means for total fruit and lower means for meat and beans in comparison to adolescents living with their families. Girls had higher means for milk and lower means for calories from solid fats, alcoholic beverages, and added sugars in comparison to boys. Adolescents with HIV/AIDS exhibited a similar eating pattern to that of adolescents in the general population: high consumption of added sugar, saturated fat, and sodium, and insufficient ingestion of whole grains and fruits. Special attention should be paid to the diet of adolescents with HIV/AIDS, who are at greater risk of developing cardiovascular and other chronic diseases. Avaliar a qualidade da dieta de adolescentes com HIV/Aids. Estudo transversal envolvendo pacientes com HIV/Aids atendidos em um hospital de referência em São Paulo. Participaram do estudo 88 adolescentes (10-19 anos). Informações sobre história clínica e uso de medicamentos foram obtidas dos prontuários médicos. Os participantes responderam a dois recordatórios de 24 horas. A qualidade da dieta foi avaliada pelo índice de qualidade da dieta revisado (IQD-R) adaptado para a população brasileira. Coeficientes de correlação de Pearson foram calculados. As médias do escore do IQD-R foram comparadas de acordo com as variáveis independentes, usando o teste-t de Student ou teste Mann-Whitney. A média do IQD-R foi 51,90 (EP=0,90). Os componentes de menores médias foram: cereais integrais e sódio. Os componentes de maiores médias foram cereais totais e óleos. Não foram encontradas correlações entre as variáveis independentes e o IQD-R. Adolescentes vivendo em casas de apoio tiveram médias maiores para frutas totais e menores para carnes e feijão em comparação aos adolescentes vivendo com suas famílias. As meninas apresentaram médias mais altas para leite e menores médias para calorias provenientes de gorduras sólidas, bebidas alcoólicas e açúcares adicionados, em comparação aos meninos. Os adolescentes com HIV/Aids apresentaram padrão alimentar semelhante àquele da população geral: alto consumo de açúcar, gordura saturada e sódio e ingestão insuficiente de cereais integrais e frutas. Atenção especial deve ser dada à dieta de adolescentes com HIV/Aids, pois eles estão sob maior risco de desenvolver doenças cardiovasculares e outras doenças crônicas.