Risk factors related to hypertension among patients in a cohort living with HIV/AIDS

• Published in: The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases Vol. 14; no. 3; pp. 281 - 287
• Main Authors: de Arruda Junior, Evanizio Roque, Lacerda, Heloisa Ramos, Vilela Moura, Libia Cristina Rocha, de Albuquerque, Maria de Fatima Pessoa Militão, de Barros Miranda Filho, Democrito, Nunes Diniz, George Tadeu, de Albuquerque, Valeria Maria Gonçalves, Zirpoli Amaral, Josefina Cláudia, de Arraes Ximenes, Ricardo Alencar, Monteiro, Verônica Soares
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Brazil Elsevier Editora Ltda 01.05.2010; Contexto; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adult; Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use; antiretroviral therapy; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Antiviral agents; Brazil - epidemiology; cardiovascular risk; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cholesterol; Epidemiologic Methods; Female; Highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV Infections - complications; HIV Infections - drug therapy; HIV Infections - epidemiology; HIV patients; HIV/AIDS; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension - complications; Hypertension - epidemiology; Life Style; Male; Risk factors; Viral Load; Brazil; HIV/AIDS; cardiovascular risk; hypertension; antiretroviral therapy
• ISSN: 1413-8670; 1678-4391
• DOI: 10.1016/S1413-8670(10)70057-X

Studies disagree as to whether there is a greater prevalence of hypertension among HIV/AIDS patients and the role of antiretroviral therapy. Evaluate the prevalence of hypertension and risk factors in a cohort of HIV-infected patients, with emphasis on antiretroviral therapy. Case-control study conducted at baseline of a cohort, between June/2007 and December/2008 in Pernambuco/Brazil. Blood pressure was classified as normal, prehypertension, and hypertension. Of 958 patients, 245 (25.6%) had hypertension (cases), 325 (33.9%) had prehypertension, and 388 (40.5%) were normotensive (controls). Comparison between hypertensive and normotensive patients showed that traditional factors, such as age > 40 (OR = 3.06, CI = 1.91- 4.97), male gender (OR = 1.85, CI = 1.15-3.01), BMI > 25 (OR = 5.51, CI = 3.36-9.17), and triglycerides > 150 mg/dL (OR = 1.69, CI = 1.05-2.71), were independently associated with hypertension. Duration of antiretroviral therapy and CD4 > 200 cells/mm3 were associated with hypertension in univariate analysis, but did not remain in final model. Type of antiretroviral schema and lipodystrophy showed no association with hypertension. Hypertension in HIV/AIDS patients is partially linked to invariable factors, such as age and sex. Efforts should be directed toward controlling reversible factors, particularly excessive weight gain and unsuitable diet.