Associations of Sedentary and Physically-Active Behaviors With Cognitive-Function Decline in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Compositional Data Analysis From the NEIGE Study

• Published in: Journal of epidemiology Vol. 30; no. 11; pp. 503 - 508
• Main Authors: Amagasa, Shiho, Inoue, Shigeru, Murayama, Hiroshi, Fujiwara, Takeo, Kikuchi, Hiroyuki, Fukushima, Noritoshi, Machida, Masaki, Chastin, Sebastien, Owen, Neville, Shobugawa, Yugo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan Japan Epidemiological Association 05.11.2020
• Subjects: Accelerometers; accelerometry; Adults; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Cognition - physiology; Cognitive ability; Cognitive Dysfunction - diagnosis; Cognitive Dysfunction - epidemiology; Composition; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data analysis; exercise; Exercise - physiology; Exercise - psychology; Female; Geriatric Assessment - methods; Health Behavior - ethnology; Humans; Independent Living; Interviews as Topic; Isometric; Japan - epidemiology; Luminous intensity; Male; Middle Aged; neurocognitive disorders; Older people; Original; Physical activity; Public Health; Regression analysis; Sedentary Behavior; sedentary lifestyle; Japan; accelerometry; exercise; neurocognitive disorders; aging; sedentary lifestyle
• ISSN: 0917-5040; 1349-9092
• DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20190141

Physical activity can help to protect against cognitive decline in older adults. However, little is known about the potential combined relationships of time spent in sedentary behavior (SB), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with indices of cognitive health. We examined the cross-sectional associations of objectively-determined sedentary and physically-active behaviors with an indicator of cognitive function decline (CFD) in older adults. A randomly-recruited sample of 511 Japanese older adults (47% male; aged 65-84 years) wore a tri-axial accelerometer for 7 consecutive days in 2017. Cognitive function was assessed by interviewers using the Japanese version of Mini-Mental State Examination, with a score of ≤23 indicating CFD. Associations of sedentary and physically-active behaviors with CFD were examined using a compositional logistic regression analysis based on isometric log-ratio transformations of time use, adjusting for potential confounders. Forty one (9.4%) of the participants had an indication of CFD. Activity compositions differed significantly between CFD and normal cognitive function (NCF); the proportion of time spent in MVPA was 39.1% lower, relative to the overall mean composition in those with CFD, and was 5.3% higher in those with NCF. There was a significant beneficial association of having a higher proportion of MVPA relative to other activities with CFD. LPA and SB were not associated with CFD when models were corrected for time spent in all activity behaviors. Larger relative contribution of MVPA was favorably associated with an indicator of CFD in older adults.