In Vitro Antimicrobial Studies of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Comprising Anionic Ciprofloxacin Ionic Liquids and Organic Salts

• Published in: Pharmaceutics Vol. 15; no. 7; p. 1934
• Main Authors: Filipe, Luís, de Sousa, Telma, Silva, Dário, Santos, Miguel M, Ribeiro Carrott, Manuela, Poeta, Patrícia, Branco, Luís C, Gago, Sandra
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.07.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Adsorption; antibiotic resistance; Antibiotics; antimicrobial activity; Bacterial infections; Bioavailability; Ciprofloxacin; Comparative analysis; Drug resistance; ionic liquids; Ions; mesoporous silica nanoparticles; Nanoparticles; Permeability; Pharmaceutical industry; Polymorphism; Silica; Surface active agents; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines; toxicity; Portugal; United States > US; toxicity; mesoporous silica nanoparticles; antimicrobial activity; ionic liquids; antibiotic resistance; ciprofloxacin
• ISSN: 1999-4923; 1999-4923
• DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071934

The combination of active pharmaceutical ingredients in the form of ionic liquids or organic salts (API-OSILs) with mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as drug carriers can provide a useful tool in enhancing the capabilities of current antibiotics, especially against resistant strains of bacteria. In this publication, the preparation of a set of three nanomaterials based on the modification of a MSN surface with cholinium ([MSN-Chol][Cip]), 1-methylimidazolium ([MSN-1-MiM][Cip]) and 3-picolinium ([MSN-3-Pic][Cip]) ionic liquids coupled with anionic ciprofloxacin have been reported. All ionic liquids and functionalized nanomaterials were prepared through sustainable protocols, using microwave-assisted heating as an alternative to conventional methods. All materials were characterized through FTIR, solution H NMR, elemental analysis, XRD and N adsorption at 77 K. The prepared materials showed no in vitro cytotoxicity in fibroblasts viability assays. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for all materials was tested against Gram-negative and Gram-positive spp., both with resistant and sensitive strains. All sets of nanomaterials containing the anionic antibiotic outperformed free ciprofloxacin against resistant and sensitive forms of , with the prominent case of [MSN-Chol][Cip] suggesting a tenfold decrease in the MIC against sensitive strains. Against resistant , a five-fold decrease in the MIC was observed for all sets of nanomaterials compared with neutral ciprofloxacin. Against spp., only [MSN-1-MiM][Cip] was able to demonstrate a slight improvement over the free antibiotic.