Colorectal cancer development and advances in screening

Most colon tumors develop via a multistep process involving a series of histological, morphological, and genetic changes that accumulate over time. This has allowed for screening and detection of early-stage precancerous polyps before they become cancerous in individuals at average risk for colorect...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inClinical interventions in aging Vol. 11; pp. 967 - 976
Main Authors Balchen, Vanessa, Simon, Karen
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New Zealand Dove Medical Press Limited 01.01.2016
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Dove Medical Press
Subjects
Age
Blood tests
Cancer screening
Care and treatment
Colonography, Computed Tomographic
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal Neoplasms - diagnosis
Colorectal Neoplasms - epidemiology
Colorectal Neoplasms - genetics
Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology
Costs
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Diagnosis
DNA
DNA identification
DNA methylation
DNA test
Early Detection of Cancer - methods
Feces
Gastroenterology
Genetic Testing
Humans
Inflammatory bowel disease
Mass Screening - methods
Medical screening
Morphology
Morphology (Biology)
Mortality
polyps
Polyps - diagnostic imaging
Precancerous Conditions - diagnostic imaging
Review
Risk Factors
screening
Sigmoidoscopy
Systematic review
Tumors
United States
United States > US
DNA test
polyps
screening
colorectal cancer
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Summary:Most colon tumors develop via a multistep process involving a series of histological, morphological, and genetic changes that accumulate over time. This has allowed for screening and detection of early-stage precancerous polyps before they become cancerous in individuals at average risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), which may lead to substantial decreases in the incidence of CRC. Despite the known benefits of early screening, CRC remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Hence, it is important for health care providers to have an understanding of the risk factors for CRC and various stages of disease development in order to recommend appropriate screening strategies. This article provides an overview of the histological/molecular changes that characterize the development of CRC. It describes the available CRC screening methods and their advantages and limitations and highlights the stages of CRC development in which each screening method is most effective.
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ISSN:1178-1998
1176-9092
1178-1998
DOI:10.2147/CIA.S109285