Mercury bioaccumulation in dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera): Examination of life stages and body regions

• Published in: Environmental toxicology and chemistry Vol. 33; no. 9; pp. 2047 - 2054
• Main Authors: Buckland‐Nicks, Amy, Hillier, Kirk Neil, Avery, Trevor S, O'Driscoll, Nelson J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Pensacola, FL Pergamon 01.09.2014; Blackwell Publishing Ltd; SETAC
• Subjects: Adults; Aeshnidae; analysis; anatomy & histology; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Animals; Anisoptera; Applied ecology; Aquatic insects; Bioaccumulation; Biological and medical sciences; Biological magnification; body regions; Canada; chemistry; Concentration (composition); Detoxification; Drag (hindrance); Dragonflies; Drying; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution; Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on protozoa and invertebrates; Food Chain; Food chains; Food webs; Foods; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gomphidae; growth & development; Insects; integument; Invertebrates; lakes; Lakes - analysis; Libellulidae; Mercury; Mercury (metal); Mercury - analysis; Mercury - metabolism; metabolism; Methylmercury; methylmercury compounds; Methylmercury Compounds - analysis; Methylmercury Compounds - metabolism; Naiad; National parks; Nova Scotia; Odonata; Odonata - anatomy & histology; Odonata - chemistry; Odonata - growth & development; Odonata - metabolism; Predators; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis; Water Pollutants, Chemical - metabolism; Water pollution; Canada; Canada, Nova Scotia, Kejimkujik Natl. Park; Canada, Nova Scotia; Nova Scotia; Insecta; Anisoptera; Dragonflies; Heavy metal; Trace element; Bioaccumulation; Arthropoda; Methylmercury; Odonata; Mercury Organic compounds; Developmental stage; Invertebrata; Biological accumulation; Invertebrates; Mercury
• ISSN: 0730-7268; 1552-8618; 1552-8618
• DOI: 10.1002/etc.2653

Dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera) are an important component of both aquatic and terrestrial food webs and are vectors for methylmercury (MeHg) biomagnification. Variations in mercury content with life stage and body regions may affect the relative transfer of mercury to aquatic or terrestrial food webs; however, there has been little research on this subject. Also, little is known about mercury bioaccumulation in different body regions of dragonflies. To address these knowledge gaps, dragonfly naiads, adults, and exuviae were collected at 2 lakes in Kejimkujik National Park, Nova Scotia, Canada, and mercury concentrations in different life stages and body regions were quantified. Mean whole body concentrations of MeHg were substantial in naiads (232 ± 112 ng g⁻¹ dry wt, n = 66), emerging adults (236 ± 50 ng g⁻¹ dry wt, n = 10), and mature adults (231 ± 74 ng g⁻¹ dry wt, n = 20). Mean MeHg concentrations in exuviae (5.6 ± 4.3 ng g⁻¹, n = 32) were 40‐fold lower than in naiads and adults. Emerging adults had 2‐fold to 2.5‐fold higher Hg(II) concentrations than naiads, mature adults, and exuviae. In body regions of both naiads and adults, some abdomens contained significantly higher concentrations of Hg(II) than heads or thoraces, and this trend was consistent across families. Across families, Aeshnidae had significantly higher concentrations of MeHg and total Hg than Gomphidae and Libellulidae, but not higher than Cordulidae. The Hg(II) concentrations were lower in Aeshnidae and Libellulidae than in Gomphidae and Cordulidae. Shedding of exuviae presents a possible mechanism for mercury detoxification, but mercury concentrations and burdens in exuviae are low in comparison with naiads and adults. Dragonfly adults retain a high potential for transferring substantial amounts of MeHg to their predators. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014; 33:2047–2054. © 2014 SETAC