CD4 + Resident Memory T Cells Mediate Long-Term Local Skin Immune Memory of Contact Hypersensitivity in BALB/c Mice
In allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and contact hypersensitivity (CHS), the healed skin shows greater swelling than the naïve skin in the same individual upon re-exposure to the same hapten. This "local skin memory" (LSM) in healed skin was maintained for a prolonged period of time and me...
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Published in | Frontiers in immunology Vol. 11; p. 775 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Switzerland
Frontiers Media S.A
19.05.2020
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | In allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and contact hypersensitivity (CHS), the healed skin shows greater swelling than the naïve skin in the same individual upon re-exposure to the same hapten. This "local skin memory" (LSM) in healed skin was maintained for a prolonged period of time and mediated by skin CD8
-resident memory T (T
) cells in C57BL/6 mice. However, the number of CD4
T cells is elevated in ACD-healed human skin, and the contribution of CD4
T
cells to the formation of LSM currently remains unclear. We herein demonstrated that immediately after CHS subsided, the healed skin in BALB/c mice showed an accumulation of hapten-specific CD4
and CD8
T
cells, with a predominance of CD4
T
cells. The presence of CD4
or CD8
T
cells in the healed skin was sufficient for the induction of a flare-up reaction upon a re-challenge. The CD4
and CD8
T
cells both produced interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor early after the re-challenge. Moreover, while CD8
T
cells gradually decreased over time and were eventually lost from the healed skin at 40-51 weeks after the resolution of CHS, the CD4
T
cell numbers remained elevated during this period. The present results indicate that the long-term maintenance of LSM is mediated by CD4
T
cells, and thus CD4
T
cells are an important target for the treatment of recurrent human ACD. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 This article was submitted to Immunological Memory, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology Edited by: Jeffrey C. Nolz, Oregon Health and Science University, United States Reviewed by: Gyohei Egawa, Kyoto University, Japan; Lalit K. Beura, Brown University, United States |
ISSN: | 1664-3224 1664-3224 |
DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00775 |