Express Method for Isolation of Ready-to-Use 3D Chitin Scaffolds from Aplysina archeri (Aplysineidae: Verongiida) Demosponge

• Published in: Marine drugs Vol. 17; no. 2; p. 131
• Main Authors: Klinger, Christine, Żółtowska-Aksamitowska, Sonia, Wysokowski, Marcin, Tsurkan, Mikhail V, Galli, Roberta, Petrenko, Iaroslav, Machałowski, Tomasz, Ereskovsky, Alexander, Martinović, Rajko, Muzychka, Lyubov, Smolii, Oleg B, Bechmann, Nicole, Ivanenko, Viatcheslav, Schupp, Peter J, Jesionowski, Teofil, Giovine, Marco, Joseph, Yvonne, Bornstein, Stefan R, Voronkina, Alona, Ehrlich, Hermann
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 22.02.2019; MDPI
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Animal diseases; Animal health; Animals; Aplysina; Aplysina archeri; Biocompatible Materials/analysis; Biocompatible Materials/chemistry; Biocompatible Materials/isolation & purification; Bioengineering; Biological activity; Biomaterials; Biomedical materials; Biopolymers; blood; bromotyrosines; Chemical Sciences; Chitin; Chitin/analysis; Chitin/chemistry; Chitin/isolation & purification; Chitinase; Chitosan; Crude oil; Crustaceans; Dyes; express method; Fibers; Hydrogen peroxide; Hydroxides; Irradiation; Life Sciences; Marine invertebrates; marine sponges; Methods; Methylene blue; Polymers; Porifera/chemistry; Prefabrication; Proteins; Saturation; Scaffolds; Sodium; Sodium hydroxide; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Sponges; Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives; Tyrosine/analysis; Tyrosine/chemistry; Tyrosine/isolation & purification; methylene blue; crude oil; scaffolds; bromotyrosines; express method; Aplysina archeri; marine sponges; blood; chitin
• ISSN: 1660-3397; 1660-3397
• DOI: 10.3390/md17020131

Sponges are a valuable source of natural compounds and biomaterials for many biotechnological applications. Marine sponges belonging to the order Verongiida are known to contain both chitin and biologically active bromotyrosines. (Aplysineidae: Verongiida) is well known to contain bromotyrosines with relevant bioactivity against human and animal diseases. The aim of this study was to develop an express method for the production of naturally prefabricated 3D chitin and bromotyrosine-containing extracts simultaneously. This new method is based on microwave irradiation (MWI) together with stepwise treatment using 1% sodium hydroxide, 20% acetic acid, and 30% hydrogen peroxide. This approach, which takes up to 1 h, made it possible to isolate chitin from the tube-like skeleton of and to demonstrate the presence of this biopolymer in this sponge for the first time. Additionally, this procedure does not deacetylate chitin to chitosan and enables the recovery of ready-to-use 3D chitin scaffolds without destruction of the unique tube-like fibrous interconnected structure of the isolated biomaterial. Furthermore, these mechanically stressed fibers still have the capacity for saturation with water, methylene blue dye, crude oil, and blood, which is necessary for the application of such renewable 3D chitinous centimeter-sized scaffolds in diverse technological and biomedical fields.