Phospholipid-Membrane-Based Nanovesicles Acting as Vaccines for Tumor Immunotherapy: Classification, Mechanisms and Applications

Membrane vesicles, a group of nano- or microsized vesicles, can be internalized or interact with the recipient cells, depending on their parental cells, size, structure and content. Membrane vesicles fuse with the target cell membrane, or they bind to the receptors on the cell surface, to transfer s...

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Published inPharmaceutics Vol. 14; no. 11; p. 2446
Main Authors Chen, Wenjuan, Wu, Yali, Deng, Jingjing, Yang, Zimo, Chen, Jiangbin, Tan, Qi, Guo, Mengfei, Jin, Yang
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 01.11.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Analysis
Antigens
Bacteria
bacterial membrane vesicles
Biosynthesis
Cancer vaccines
Communication
dendritic-cell-derived extracellular vesicles
Dosage and administration
Drug therapy
Gram-negative bacteria
Gram-positive bacteria
Growth factors
Immune response
Immunization
Immunotherapy
Lipids
liposomes
Membranes
Metastasis
Nanoparticles
Pathogens
Patient outcomes
Proteins
Review
tumor immunotherapy
tumor-derived extracellular vesicles
Tumors
vaccine
Vaccines
China
vaccine
bacterial membrane vesicles
liposomes
tumor-derived extracellular vesicles
dendritic-cell-derived extracellular vesicles
tumor immunotherapy
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Summary:Membrane vesicles, a group of nano- or microsized vesicles, can be internalized or interact with the recipient cells, depending on their parental cells, size, structure and content. Membrane vesicles fuse with the target cell membrane, or they bind to the receptors on the cell surface, to transfer special effects. Based on versatile features, they can modulate the functions of immune cells and therefore influence immune responses. In the field of tumor therapeutic applications, phospholipid-membrane-based nanovesicles attract increased interest. Academic institutions and industrial companies are putting in effort to design, modify and apply membrane vesicles as potential tumor vaccines contributing to tumor immunotherapy. This review focuses on the currently most-used types of membrane vesicles (including liposomes, bacterial membrane vesicles, tumor- and dendritic-cell-derived extracellular vesicles) acting as tumor vaccines, and describes the classification, mechanism and application of these nanovesicles.
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics14112446