Survey of genome size in 28 hydrothermal vent species covering 10 families

• Published in: Genome Vol. 52; no. 6; pp. 524 - 536
• Main Authors: Bonnivard, Eric, Catrice, Olivier, Ravaux, Juliette, Brown, Spencer C, Higuet, Dominique
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Canada NRC Research Press 01.06.2009; Canadian Science Publishing NRC Research Press
• Subjects: Animals; Biological diversity; Brachyura; Chromosomes, Plant; contenu en ADN; Crustaceans; cytométrie en flux; Decapoda; Decapoda (Crustacea); Decapoda (Crustacea) - classification; Decapoda (Crustacea) - physiology; decapods; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; DNA content; DNA, Plant; décapodes; Ecosystems; Evolution, Molecular; Flow Cytometry; Gene expression; Genetic aspects; Genome; genome size; Genomics; Homarus americanus; Hydrothermal vents; Life Sciences; Marine; Marine ecosystems; Mirocaris fortunata; Munidopsis; Necora puber; Physiological aspects; Shellfish; sources hydrothermales; taille du génome; Vegetal Biology; Veneroida; Xantho pilipes; United States
• ISSN: 0831-2796; 1480-3321
• DOI: 10.1139/G09-027

Knowledge of genome size is a useful and necessary prerequisite for the development of many genomic resources. To better understand the origins and effects of DNA gains and losses among species, it is important to collect data from a broad taxonomic base, but also from particular ecosystems. Oceanic thermal vents are an interesting model to investigate genome size in very unstable environments. Here we provide data estimated by flow cytometry for 28 vent-living species among the most representative from different hydrothermal vents. We also report the genome size of closely related coastal decapods. Haploid C-values were compared with those previously reported for species from corresponding orders or infraorders. This is the first broad survey of 2C values in vent organisms. Contrary to expectations, it shows that certain hydrothermal vent species have particularly large genomes. The vent squat lobster Munidopsis recta has the largest genome yet reported for any anomuran: 2C = 31.1 pg = 30.4 × 10 9 bp. In several groups, such as Brachyura, Phyllodocida, and Veneroida, vent species have genomes that clearly rank at the high end of published values for each group. We also describe the highest DNA content yet recorded for the Brachyura (coastal crabs Xantho pilipes and Necora puber ). Finally, analysis of genome size variation across populations revealed unexpected intraspecific variation in the vent shrimp Mirocaris fortunata that could not be attributed simply to ploidy changes.