Extracellular vesicles: An emerging platform in gram-positive bacteria
Extracellular vesicles (EV), also known as membrane vesicles, are produced as an end product of secretion by both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria. Several reports suggest that archaea, gram-negative bacteria, and eukaryotic cells secrete membrane vesicles as a means for cell-free intercellula...
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Published in | Microbial cell Vol. 7; no. 12; pp. 312 - 322 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Austria
Shared Science Publishers OG
05.10.2020
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Extracellular vesicles (EV), also known as membrane vesicles, are produced as an end product of secretion by both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria. Several reports suggest that archaea, gram-negative bacteria, and eukaryotic cells secrete membrane vesicles as a means for cell-free intercellular communication. EVs influence intercellular communication by transferring a myriad of biomolecules including genetic information. Also, EVs have been implicated in many phenomena such as stress response, intercellular competition, lateral gene transfer, and pathogenicity. However, the cellular process of secreting EVs in gram-positive bacteria is less studied. A notion with the thick cell-walled microbes such as gram-positive bacteria is that the EV release is impossible among them. The role of gram-positive EVs in health and diseases is being studied gradually. Being nano-sized, the EVs from gram-positive bacteria carry a diversity of cargo compounds that have a role in bacterial competition, survival, invasion, host immune evasion, and infection. In this review, we summarise the current understanding of the EVs produced by gram-positive bacteria. Also, we discuss the functional aspects of these components while comparing them with gram-negative bacteria. |
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Bibliography: | Contributed equally. Conflict of interest: Authors declare that they have read the contents of the paper and do not have any competing interests. Please cite this article as: Swagata Bose, Shifu Aggarwal, Durg Vijai Singh and Narottam Acharya (2020). Extracellular vesicles: An emerging platform in gram-positive bacteria. Microbial Cell 7(12): 312-322. doi: 10.15698/mic2020.12.737 |
ISSN: | 2311-2638 2311-2638 |
DOI: | 10.15698/mic2020.12.737 |