Lactase Persistence, Dietary Intake of Milk, and the Risk for Prostate Cancer in Sweden and Finland
Prostate carcinoma is the most common cancer in men. Its primary pathogenesis is mostly unknown. Dairy products containing lactose have been suggested to be risk factors for prostate cancer. Digestion of lactose is dependent on lactase activity in the intestinal wall. A single nucleotide polymorphis...
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Published in | Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention Vol. 16; no. 5; pp. 956 - 961 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Philadelphia, PA
American Association for Cancer Research
01.05.2007
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Prostate carcinoma is the most common cancer in men. Its primary pathogenesis is mostly unknown. Dairy products containing
lactose have been suggested to be risk factors for prostate cancer. Digestion of lactose is dependent on lactase activity
in the intestinal wall. A single nucleotide polymorphism C to T residing 13,910 bp upstream of the lactase gene has been shown to associate with the developmental down-regulation of lactase activity underlying persistence/nonpersistence
trait. To find out whether lactase persistence is related to the risk for prostate cancer, we genotyped 1,229 Finnish and
2,924 Swedish patients and their 473 Finnish and 1,842 Swedish controls using solid-phase minisequencing. To explore if dairy
products have an association with prostate cancer, we analyzed the milk consumption in the Swedish study consisting of 1,499
prostate cancer patients and 1,130 controls (Cancer Prostate in Sweden I study) using a questionnaire. Only the consumption
of low-fat milk was found to be associated with increased risk of prostate cancer [odds ratio (OR), 1.73; 95% confidence interval
(95% CI), 1.16-2.39]. A statistically significantly higher ( P < 0.01) lactose intake was observed among subjects with high lactase activity (C/T and T/T genotypes) compared with those
with low lactase activity (C/C genotype). Lactase persistence did not associate with increased risk for prostate carcinoma
in the Finnish (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.83-1.47; P = 0.488) or in the Swedish populations (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.91-1.46; P = 0.23). In conclusion, lactase persistence/nonpersistence contains no risk for prostate cancer. Analysis of different milk
products showed some evidence for low-fat milk as a potential risk factor for prostate cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers
Prev 2007;16(5):956–61) |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 1055-9965 1538-7755 1538-7755 |
DOI: | 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0985 |