N6-methyladenosine methyltransferases: functions, regulation, and clinical potential

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has emerged as an abundant modification throughout the transcriptome with widespread functions in protein-coding and noncoding RNAs. It affects the fates of modified RNAs, including their stability, splicing, and/or translation, and thus plays important roles in posttranscri...

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Published inJournal of hematology and oncology Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 1 - 19
Main Authors Huang, Wei, Chen, Tian-Qi, Fang, Ke, Zeng, Zhan-Cheng, Ye, Hua, Chen, Yue-Qin
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London BioMed Central Ltd 27.07.2021
BioMed Central
BMC
Subjects
Biology
Cancer
Chemotherapy
Drug discovery
Epigenetics
Gene expression
Genes
Genetic aspects
Genomes
Hematology
Immunotherapy
m6A
m6A methyltransferase
Methyltransferase
Methyltransferases
MicroRNAs
N6-methyladenosine
Oncology
Post-transcription
Proteins
Radiation therapy
Review
RNA polymerase
Roles
Therapy resistance
Transcriptomes
Tumorigenesis
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Summary:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has emerged as an abundant modification throughout the transcriptome with widespread functions in protein-coding and noncoding RNAs. It affects the fates of modified RNAs, including their stability, splicing, and/or translation, and thus plays important roles in posttranscriptional regulation. To date, m6A methyltransferases have been reported to execute m6A deposition on distinct RNAs by their own or forming different complexes with additional partner proteins. In this review, we summarize the function of these m6A methyltransferases or complexes in regulating the key genes and pathways of cancer biology. We also highlight the progress in the use of m6A methyltransferases in mediating therapy resistance, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and radiotherapy. Finally, we discuss the current approaches and clinical potential of m6A methyltransferase-targeting strategies.
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ISSN:1756-8722
1756-8722
DOI:10.1186/s13045-021-01129-8