Prevalence of camel babesiosis in southeast of Iran

• Published in: Veterinary medicine and science Vol. 8; no. 1; pp. 343 - 348
• Main Authors: Mirahmadi, Hadi, Ghaderi, Ali, Barani, Shaghik, Alijani, Ebrahim, Mehravaran, Ahmad, Shafiei, Reza
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.01.2022; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Anemia; Animals; Babesia; Babesiosis; Babesiosis - epidemiology; Babesiosis - parasitology; camel; Camelidae; Camelus; giemsa staining; Iran - epidemiology; microscopic examination; Microscopy; molecular technique; Morphology; Original; Parasites; Parasitic diseases; PCR; Polymerase chain reaction; Prevalence; RUMINANTS; Zoonoses; Iran; United States > US; giemsa staining; babesiosis; microscopic examination; camel; PCR; molecular technique
• ISSN: 2053-1095; 2053-1095
• DOI: 10.1002/vms3.666

Babesiosis is a globally distributed zoonotic parasitic disease in a broad range of vertebrates with great importance in the veterinary field. The standard diagnostic test for Babesiosis in animals is microscopic identification of the parasite in a venous blood smear stained with Giemsa combined with assessment of clinical manifestations throughout the acute phase of the disease. The present study was planned to determine the presence of Babesia species in camels from the southeastern regions of Iran. A total of 140 blood samples of camels were randomly collected in four selected cities including Qaen, Nehbandan, Iranshahr, and Zahedan from March to August 2019. Blood smears of each case were also examined by the Giemsa staining method and extracted DNA samples were subjected to internal transcribed spacers (ITS1) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The prevalence rates using microscopically and molecular examinations were 10% and 19.28%, respectively. The prevalence rates significantly vary between the selected regions (p = 0.003). PCR technique showed higher sensitivity than microscopy. We found that all infected camels were positive for Babesia caballi. The rate of infection with Babesia among the camel in Zahedan is remarkable. Early diagnosis and early treatment can prevent further spread of the disease in this area. Babesisosis in camels can be detected by microscopic and molecular diagnosis throughout the acute phase of disease. In the present study, Babesia species in camels from the eastern regions of the Iran was determined.