Increased meal frequency does not promote greater weight loss in subjects who were prescribed an 8-week equi-energetic energy-restricted diet

• Published in: British journal of nutrition Vol. 103; no. 8; pp. 1098 - 1101
• Main Authors: Cameron, Jameason D., Cyr, Marie-Josée, Doucet, Éric
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 28.04.2010
• Subjects: Adipose Tissue; Adipose Tissue - anatomy & histology; Adiposity; Adiposity - physiology; Adult; anatomy & histology; Appetite; Appetite - physiology; Bioenergetics; Biological and medical sciences; blood; Body Mass Index; Body weight; Diet; Diet, Reducing; diet-related diseases; Dietary restrictions; Eating; Eating - physiology; eating habits; experimental diets; Feeding Behavior; Feeding Behavior - physiology; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; ghrelin; Ghrelin - blood; Gut peptides; human diseases; human nutrition; Humans; low calorie diet; Male; Meal frequency; Meals; meals (menu); men; Middle Aged; Nutrition research; obesity; peptide YY; Peptide YY - blood; Peptides; physiology; snacks; Time Factors; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Weight control; Weight loss; Weight Loss - physiology; women; Appetite; Meal frequency; Weight loss; Gut peptides; Human; Peptides; Digestive system; Gut; Meal; Feeding; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Energy; Restricted diet; WHO
• ISSN: 0007-1145; 1475-2662; 1475-2662
• DOI: 10.1017/S0007114509992984

There have been reports of an inverse relationship between meal frequency (MF) and adiposity. It has been postulated that this may be explained by favourable effects of increased MF on appetite control and possibly on gut peptides as well. The main goal of the present study was to investigate whether using a high MF could lead to a greater weight loss than that obtained with a low MF under conditions of similar energy restriction. Subjects were randomised into two treatment arms (high MF = 3 meals+3 snacks/d or low MF = 3 meals/d) and subjected to the same dietary energy restriction of − 2931 kJ/d for 8 weeks. Sixteen obese adults (n 8 women and 8 men; age 34·6 (sd 9·5); BMI 37·1 (sd 4·5) kg/m2) completed the study. Overall, there was a 4·7 % decrease in body weight (P < 0·01); similarly, significant decreases were noted in fat mass ( − 3·1 (sd 2·9) kg; P < 0·01), lean body mass ( − 2·0 (sd 3·1) kg; P < 0·05) and BMI ( − 1·7 (sd 0·8) kg/m2; P < 0·01). However, there were NS differences between the low- and high-MF groups for adiposity indices, appetite measurements or gut peptides (peptide YY and ghrelin) either before or after the intervention. We conclude that increasing MF does not promote greater body weight loss under the conditions described in the present study.