Efficiency of different control measures for preventing carbapenemase-producing enterobacteria and glycopeptide-resistant Enterococcus faecium outbreaks: a 6-year prospective study in a French multihospital institution, January 2010 to December 2015

• Published in: Euro surveillance : bulletin européen sur les maladies transmissibles Vol. 23; no. 8; pp. 16 - 23
• Main Authors: Fournier, Sandra, Desenfant, Laure, Monteil, Catherine, Nion-Huang, Michèle, Richard, Christian, Jarlier, Vincent
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Sweden Centre Europeen pour la Surveillance Epidemiologique du SIDA (European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS) 22.02.2018; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)
• Subjects: Antibiotics; Disease control; Disease prevention; Drug resistance; Gram-positive bacteria; Human health and pathology; Infectious diseases; Life Sciences; Multivariate analysis; Santé publique et épidémiologie; France; carbapenemase-producing enterobacteria; extensively drug-resistant bacteria; glycopeptide-resistant Enterococcus; bundle measures; outbreaks control; eXDR
• ISSN: 1560-7917; 1025-496X; 1560-7917; 1025-496X
• DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2018.23.8.17-00078

An infection control programme was implemented in a 21,000-bed multihospital institution for controlling the spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and glycopeptide-resistant (GRE), classified as 'emergent extensively drug-resistant bacteria' (eXDR) in France. We evaluated factors associated with outbreaks occurrence (n = 103), which followed 901 eXDR introductions (index case followed or not by secondary cases) from 2010 to 2015. In univariate analysis, knowing that patients had been hospitalised abroad, bacterial species (GRE vs CPE, as well as the CPE compared with the other Enterobacteriaceae species) and type of measures implemented within the first 2 days of hospitalisation were associated with outbreaks occurrence, but not the type of wards where carriers were hospitalised, nor the eXDR colonisation or infection status. In multivariate analysis, occurrence of outbreaks was significantly lower when contact precautions (odds ratio (OR): 0.34; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22-0.54) and even more when dedicated nursing staff (OR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.02-0.39) were implemented around eXDR index cases within the first 2 days of hospitalisation (p < 10 - 3). GRE introductions were more frequently associated with occurrence of outbreaks than CPE (OR: 3.58; 95% CI: 2.32-5.51, p < 10 - 3). A sustained and coordinated strategy is efficient to limit the spread of eXDR at the scale of a large health institution.