On the Origin of the Non-brittle Rachis Trait of Domesticated Einkorn Wheat

Einkorn and emmer wheat together with barley were among the first cereals domesticated by humans more than 10,000 years ago, long before durum or bread wheat originated. Domesticated einkorn wheat differs from its wild progenitor in basic morphological characters such as the grain dispersal system....

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Published inFrontiers in plant science Vol. 8; p. 2031
Main Authors Pourkheirandish, Mohammad, Dai, Fei, Sakuma, Shun, Kanamori, Hiroyuki, Distelfeld, Assaf, Willcox, George, Kawahara, Taihachi, Matsumoto, Takashi, Kilian, Benjamin, Komatsuda, Takao
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 04.01.2018
Subjects
agricultural origins
domestication
einkorn
non-brittle rachis
Plant Science
wheat
einkorn
non-brittle rachis
wheat
agricultural origins
domestication
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Summary:Einkorn and emmer wheat together with barley were among the first cereals domesticated by humans more than 10,000 years ago, long before durum or bread wheat originated. Domesticated einkorn wheat differs from its wild progenitor in basic morphological characters such as the grain dispersal system. This study identified the ( ) and ( ) in einkorn as homologous to barley. Re-sequencing of the and in a collection of 53 lines showed that a single non-synonymous amino acid substitution (alanine to threonine) at position 119 at , is responsible for the non-brittle rachis trait in domesticated einkorn. Tracing this haplotype variation back to wild einkorn samples provides further evidence that the einkorn progenitor came from the Northern Levant. We show that the geographical origin of domesticated haplotype coincides with the non-brittle domesticated barley haplotypes, which suggest the non-brittle rachis phenotypes of einkorn and barley were fixed in same geographic area in today's South-east Turkey.
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Reviewed by: Ahmad Arzani, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran; Guoxiong Chen, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Present address: Shun Sakuma, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
Edited by: Paul Gepts, University of California, Davis, United States
This article was submitted to Plant Genetics and Genomics, a section of the journal Frontiers in Plant Science
ISSN:1664-462X
1664-462X
DOI:10.3389/fpls.2017.02031