Real Time Apnoea Monitoring of Children Using the Microsoft Kinect Sensor: A Pilot Study

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 17; no. 2; p. 286
• Main Authors: Al-Naji, Ali, Gibson, Kim, Lee, Sang-Heon, Chahl, Javaan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 03.02.2017; MDPI
• Subjects: Apnea; apnoea; apparent life-threatening event; Babies; Cameras; Child; Children; Frames; Humans; Microsoft Kinect sensor; Monitoring; Monitoring systems; Motion; motion detection; motion magnification; Movement; Noise; Pilot Projects; Radio frequency identification; Real time; real-time image sequence analysis; Respiration; Respiratory rate; Sensors; Sequences; Skin; Sleep; Software; apnoea; real-time image sequence analysis; Microsoft Kinect sensor; apparent life-threatening event; motion detection; motion magnification
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s17020286

The objective of this study was to design a non-invasive system for the observation of respiratory rates and detection of apnoea using analysis of real time image sequences captured in any given sleep position and under any light conditions (even in dark environments). A Microsoft Kinect sensor was used to visualize the variations in the thorax and abdomen from the respiratory rhythm. These variations were magnified, analyzed and detected at a distance of 2.5 m from the subject. A modified motion magnification system and frame subtraction technique were used to identify breathing movements by detecting rapid motion areas in the magnified frame sequences. The experimental results on a set of video data from five subjects (3 h for each subject) showed that our monitoring system can accurately measure respiratory rate and therefore detect apnoea in infants and young children. The proposed system is feasible, accurate, safe and low computational complexity, making it an efficient alternative for non-contact home sleep monitoring systems and advancing health care applications.