Influenza vaccination coverages among high risk subjects and health care workers in Spain. Results of two consecutive National Health Surveys (2011–2014)

• Published in: Vaccine Vol. 34; no. 41; pp. 4898 - 4904
• Main Authors: Astray-Mochales, Jenaro, López de Andres, Ana, Hernandez-Barrera, Valentín, Rodríguez-Rieiro, Cristina, Carrasco Garrido, Pilar, Esteban-Vasallo, María D., Domínguez-Berjón, Maria Felicitas, Jimenez-Trujillo, Isabel, Jiménez-García, Rodrigo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 22.09.2016; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Allergy and Immunology; at-risk population; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; chronic diseases; Chronic illnesses; Comorbidity; Coverage; diabetes; Emigrants and Immigrants - statistics & numerical data; Epidemiologic Studies; Female; Health care; health care workers; Health Personnel - statistics & numerical data; Health Surveys; heart diseases; Humans; immigration; Immunization; Influenza; Influenza Vaccines - administration & dosage; Influenza Vaccines - therapeutic use; Influenza, Human - prevention & control; Male; Medical personnel; Middle Aged; Multivariate analysis; pandemic; patients; Polls & surveys; Public health policy; regression analysis; risk; Spain; Trends; vaccination; Vaccination Coverage - statistics & numerical data; Vaccines; Young Adult; ANE, Spain; Spain; Coverage; Vaccines; Trends; Influenza; Public health policy
• ISSN: 0264-410X; 1873-2518
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.08.065

•In groups for which vaccination was recommended uptake was only around 40%.•In 2011/12 and 2014, 20% and 27.6% of health workers were vaccinated.•Subjects born outside Spain were vaccinated less frequently than Spanish-born.•Vaccination coverages are low and have not improved in the post pandemic seasons. We aim to describe influenza vaccination coverage for the Spanish population using data from two consecutive nation-wide representative health surveys. The data was analysed by high risk groups, health care workers (HCWs) and immigrants. Also, coverage trends were analysed. The 2011/12 Spanish National Health Survey (N=21,007) and the 2014 European Health Interview Survey for Spain (N=22,842) were analysed. Influenza vaccination status was self-reported. Time trends for were estimated by a multivariate logistic regression model. Overall vaccination uptake was similar in 2011/12 and 2014, 19.1% and 18.9%, respectively, (p>0.05). 47% of the subjects surveyed were in the groups for which vaccination was recommended with coverages of 41.1% in 2011/12 and 40% in 2014 (p>0.05). In both surveys, uptake among subjects with a chronic disease was three times higher than uptake in subjects who did not have these diseases. In 2011/12 and 2014, 20% and 27.6% of health workers were vaccinated. Subjects born outside Spain were vaccinated less frequently than Spanish-born subjects (9.3% vs 20.4% and 8.9% vs 20%). Within the diseases studied, the best uptake was for patients with heart disease (52.5% in 2011/12 and 51.1% in 2014) and patients with diabetes (50.5% and 51.8%). Multivariate analysis showed that older age, having a chronic disease or being a HCW increases the possibility of being vaccinated whereas being born outside Spain decreased it. Seasonal influenza vaccine uptake rates in the recommended target groups, patients with chronic conditions and health care workers, in Spain are unacceptably low and seem to be stable in the post pandemic seasons. This finding should alert health authorities to the need to work directly with health care providers on the indications for this vaccine and to study strategies that make it possible to increase vaccination uptake.