Antimicrobial peptides in marine invertebrate health and disease

• Published in: Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological sciences Vol. 371; no. 1695; p. 20150300
• Main Authors: Destoumieux-Garzón, Delphine, Rosa, Rafael Diego, Schmitt, Paulina, Barreto, Cairé, Vidal-Dupiol, Jeremie, Mitta, Guillaume, Gueguen, Yannick, Bachère, Evelyne
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England The Royal Society 26.05.2016; Royal Society, The
• Subjects: Abiotic Stress; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides - genetics; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides - metabolism; Environmental Sciences; Immune Suppression; Invertebrate Immunity; Invertebrates - genetics; Invertebrates - microbiology; Invertebrates - virology; Penaeidae - genetics; Penaeidae - microbiology; Penaeidae - virology; Polymicrobial Disease; Resistance; Review; Vibrio; vibrio; invertebrate immunity; immune suppression; polymicrobial disease; resistance; abiotic stress; microbiology Keywords: invertebrate immunity; Subject Areas: biochemistry; Invertebrate immunity; environmental science; immunology
• ISSN: 0962-8436; 1471-2970; 1471-2970
• DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0300

Aquaculture contributes more than one-third of the animal protein from marine sources worldwide. A significant proportion of aquaculture products are derived from marine protostomes that are commonly referred to as ‘marine invertebrates’. Among them, penaeid shrimp (Ecdysozosoa, Arthropoda) and bivalve molluscs (Lophotrochozoa, Mollusca) are economically important. Mass rearing of arthropods and molluscs causes problems with pathogens in aquatic ecosystems that are exploited by humans. Remarkably, species of corals (Cnidaria) living in non-exploited ecosystems also suffer from devastating infectious diseases that display intriguing similarities with those affecting farmed animals. Infectious diseases affecting wild and farmed animals that are present in marine environments are predicted to increase in the future. This paper summarizes the role of the main pathogens and their interaction with host immunity, with a specific focus on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and pathogen resistance against AMPs. We provide a detailed review of penaeid shrimp AMPs and their role at the interface between the host and its resident/pathogenic microbiota. We also briefly describe the relevance of marine invertebrate AMPs in an applied context. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Evolutionary ecology of arthropod antimicrobial peptides’.