Newly described pattern recognition receptors team up against intracellular pathogens

• Published in: Nature reviews. Immunology Vol. 13; no. 8; pp. 551 - 565
• Main Authors: Broz, Petr, Monack, Denise M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Nature Publishing Group 01.08.2013
• Subjects: Adaptor proteins; Animals; Bacteria - immunology; Bacteria - pathogenicity; Bacterial Infections - immunology; Bacterial Infections - pathology; Caspase-1; Caspase-11; Caspase-8; Cell death; Cysteine proteinase; Cytokines; DEAD-box RNA Helicases - metabolism; Dendritic cells; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; Health aspects; Humans; Immune response; Immune system; Immunity, Innate; Immunology; Infections; Inflammasomes; Inflammasomes - immunology; Inflammation; Innate immunity; Interferon; Intracellular; Intracellular signalling; Kinases; Macromolecules; Mammalian cells; Membrane Proteins - metabolism; Mice; Nuclear Proteins - immunology; Nucleic acids; Pathogens; Pattern recognition; Pattern recognition receptors; Phosphoproteins - immunology; Physiological aspects; Proteins; Receptor mechanisms; Receptors, Pattern Recognition - immunology; RNA-Binding Proteins - immunology; Sensors; Signal Transduction; Toll-like receptors; Toll-Like Receptors - immunology; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Viral infections; United States; Switzerland
• ISSN: 1474-1733; 1474-1741
• DOI: 10.1038/nri3479

Recognizing the presence of invading pathogens is key to mounting an effective innate immune response. Mammalian cells express different classes of germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors that monitor the extracellular and intracellular compartments of host cells for signs of infection and that activate several conserved signalling pathways. An efficient immune response often requires the sequential detection of a pathogen by different receptors in different subcellular compartments, which results in a complex interplay of downstream signalling pathways. In this Review, we discuss the recent identification of previously unknown pattern recognition receptors and how they complement the repertoire of established receptors.