EEG-based identification system using deep neural networks with frequency features

• Published in: Heliyon Vol. 10; no. 4; p. e25999
• Main Authors: Akbarnia, Yasaman, Daliri, Mohammad Reza
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 29.02.2024; Elsevier
• Subjects: algorithms; data analysis; Deep neural network (DNN); Electroencephalography (EEG); Identification; Optimization; Regularization; wavelet; Identification; Electroencephalography (EEG); Regularization; Optimization; Deep neural network (DNN)
• ISSN: 2405-8440; 2405-8440
• DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25999

Improving system security can be achieved through people identification. Among various methods, electroencephalography-based (EEG-based) identification is a dependable way to prevent identity theft and impersonation. Due to the distractions present in the identification environment, such as lack of focus, mental engagement, small body movements, blinking, and other noises, it is essential to analyze data that reflects these conditions. The present research aims to advance practical EEG-based identification by studying data with mental preoccupation and developing a suitable algorithm. In this article, data from a study conducted on a group of 109 individuals has been analyzed. The data is categorized into two groups: focused data and waiting data. The article describes preprocessing the data and extracting three types of features, including Statistical, Frequency, and Wavelet. Then, a deep neural network (DNN) is used to classify the data. The DNN utilizes a multilayer, fully-connected neural network, with the number of layers and neurons varying based on the data type. Optimization and regularization methods are employed to improve the accuracy of the results. The DNN achieved an average accuracy of 99.19% for frequency features over all subjects in the focused data category, while the waiting data category showed an accuracy of 97.81%.