Inflammatory fibroid polyp of the gastric antrum presenting as hypovolemic shock: Case report and literature review

• Published in: Intractable & Rare Diseases Research Vol. 6; no. 4; pp. 304 - 309
• Main Authors: Klingbeil, Kyle D., Balaban, Alexandra, Fertig, Raymond M., Gamret, A. Caresse, Gong, Yuna, Torres, Carolyn, Satahoo, Shevonne S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement 01.11.2017
• Subjects: benign neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract; Case Report; gastric polyp; Inflammatory fibroid polyp; platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha; vanek tumor; Inflammatory fibroid polyp; benign neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract; vanek tumor; platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha; gastric polyp
• ISSN: 2186-3644; 2186-361X
• DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2017.01060

Inflammatory fibroid polyps (IFP) are an extremely rare entity that arise within the submucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, and represent less than 0.1% of all gastric polyps. They are most commonly localized to the gastric antrum, small intestines and recto-sigmoid colon. IFPs are most commonly found incidentally upon endoscopic evaluation in the absence of symptoms. Presenting symptoms depend on the location of the tumor, although polyps located in the stomach most commonly present with epigastric pain and early satiety. Classic histologic features include perivascular onion skinning of spindle cells with an abundance of eosinophilic infiltration. The prompt diagnosis and management of IFP is essential due to its underlying risk for intussusception, outlet obstruction and acute hemorrhage. In addition, recent evidence has shown that IFP is driven by an activating mutation in the platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) gene, suggesting a neoplastic etiology. Herein, we discuss a case of a 65-year-old woman with an inflammatory fibroid polyp of the gastric antrum who initially presented with early hypovolemic shock and melena. Diagnosis was made by endoscopic visualization, biopsy and immunohistochemical analysis.