Antileishmanial activity of Melampodium divaricatum and Casearia sylvestris essential oils on Leishmania amazonensis

Leishmaniasis is a disease that affects millions of people and it is an important public health problem. The drugs currently used for the treatment of leishmaniasis present undesirable side effects and low efficacy. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro activity of Melampodium divaricatum (MD-EO)...

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Published inRevista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo Vol. 61; pp. e33 - 7
Main Authors Moreira, Raquel Regina Duarte, Santos, André Gonzaga Dos, Carvalho, Flavio Alexandre, Perego, Caio Humberto, Crevelin, Eduardo José, Crotti, Antônio Eduardo Miller, Cogo, Juliana, Cardoso, Mara Lane Carvalho, Nakamura, Celso Vataru
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Brazil Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo 01.01.2019
Instituto de Medicina Tropical
Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Subjects
Antimicrobial agents
Casearia sylvestris
Chromatography
Cytotoxicity
Diuretics
Drugs
E-caryophyllene
Leishmania amazonensis
Mass spectrometry
Melampodium divaricatum
Oils & fats
Original
Parasitic diseases
Public health
Scientific imaging
TROPICAL MEDICINE
Casearia sylvestris
Melampodium divaricatum
E-caryophyllene
Leishmania amazonensis
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Summary:Leishmaniasis is a disease that affects millions of people and it is an important public health problem. The drugs currently used for the treatment of leishmaniasis present undesirable side effects and low efficacy. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro activity of Melampodium divaricatum (MD-EO) and Casearia sylvestris (CS-EO) essential oils (EO) against promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. Sesquiterpenes E-caryophyllene (56.0%), germacrene D (12.7%) and bicyclogermacrene (9.2%) were identified as the main components of MD-EO, whereas E-caryophyllene (22.2%), germacrene D (19.6%) and bicyclogermacrene (12.2%) were the main constituents of CS-EO. CS-EO and E-caryophyllene were active against promastigote forms of L. amazonensis (IC50 24.2, 29.8 and 49.9 µg/mL, respectively). However, MD-EO, CS-EO and E-caryophyllene were more active against amastigote forms, with IC50 values of 10.7, 14.0, and 10.7 µg/mL, respectively. E-caryophyllene presented lower cytotoxicity against macrophages J774-A1 (CC50 of 62.1 µg/mL) than the EO. The EOs and E-caryophyllene should be further studied for the development of new antileishmanial drugs.
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CONFLICT OF INTERESTS
The authors declare no conflict of interests.
AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS
Raquel Regina Duarte Moreira, Caio Humberto Perego, André Gonzaga dos Santos and Flavio Alexandre Carvalho performed and contributed to plant samples collection, extracts preparation and phytochemical study at Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara. Eduardo José Crevelin and Antônio Eduardo Miller Crottiperformed the analisys of GC at Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto. Juliana Cogo, Mara Lane Carvalho Cardoso and Celso Vataru Nakamura performed the biological experiment at Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos e Laboratório de P&D de Fitoterápicos. All authors contributed equally in analyzing the data and writing the article.
ISSN:1678-9946
0036-4665
1678-9946
DOI:10.1590/S1678-9946201961033