Weight Loss in Advanced Cancer: Sex Differences in Health-Related Quality of Life and Body Image

• Published in: Life (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 105
• Main Authors: Goodrose-Flores, Charlotte, Eke, Helén, Bonn, Stephanie E, Björkhem-Bergman, Linda, Trolle Lagerros, Ylva
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.01.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Body image; Body mass index; Body weight loss; Cancer; Diagnosis; Domains; Education; Gender aspects; Gender differences; health-related quality of life; Image quality; Informed consent; Malnutrition; Medical diagnosis; Medical imaging; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Men; Metabolism; Nutrition; palliative; Quality of life; Questionnaires; Regression analysis; Self image; Sensitivity analysis; Sex differences; Weight loss; Women; Womens health; weight loss; cancer; health-related quality of life; body image; palliative; sex differences
• ISSN: 2075-1729; 2075-1729
• DOI: 10.3390/life12010105

Weight maintenance is a priority in cancer care, but weight loss is common and a serious concern. This study explores if there are sex differences in the perception of weight loss and its association to health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and body image. Cancer patients admitted to Advanced Medical Home Care were recruited to answer a questionnaire, including characteristics, the HRQoL-questionnaire RAND-36, and a short form of the Body Image Scale. Linear regression analyses stratified by sex and adjusted for age were performed to examine associations between percent weight loss and separate domains of HRQoL and body image score in men and women separately. In total, 99 participants were enrolled, of which 80 had lost weight since diagnosis. In men, an inverse association between weight loss and the HRQoL-domain physical functioning, β = -1.34 (95%CI: -2.44, -0.24), and a positive association with body image distress, β = 0.22 (95%CI: 0.07, 0.37), were found. In women, weight loss was associated with improvement in the HRQoL-domain role limitations due to physical health, β = 2.02 (95%CI: 0.63, 3.41). Following a cancer diagnosis, men appear to experience weight loss more negatively than women do. Recognizing different perceptions of weight loss may be of importance in clinical practice.