Zoonosis emergence linked to agricultural intensification and environmental change

A systematic review was conducted by a multidisciplinary team to analyze qualitatively best available scientific evidence on the effect of agricultural intensification and environmental changes on the risk of zoonoses for which there are epidemiological interactions between wildlife and livestock. T...

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Published inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 110; no. 21; pp. 8399 - 8404
Main Authors Jones, Bryony A., Grace, Delia, Kock, Richard, Alonso, Silvia, Rushton, Jonathan, Said, Mohammed Y., McKeever, Declan, Mutua, Florence, Young, Jarrah, McDermott, John, Pfeiffer, Dirk Udo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States National Academy of Sciences 21.05.2013
National Acad Sciences
Subjects
AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION TO PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT SPECIAL FEATURE
Agriculture
Animals
Bats
Behavior
Biological Sciences
Climate Change
Communicable Diseases, Emerging
Disease transmission
Environmental changes
Epidemiology
evolution
Host-Pathogen Interactions
human behavior
human population
Human populations
Humans
Infectious diseases
Intensive farming
Livestock
Models, Biological
Pathogens
risk
Risk assessment
Sustainable agriculture
systematic review
Viruses
Wildlife
Zoonoses
epidemiology
health
ecology
ecosystem
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Summary:A systematic review was conducted by a multidisciplinary team to analyze qualitatively best available scientific evidence on the effect of agricultural intensification and environmental changes on the risk of zoonoses for which there are epidemiological interactions between wildlife and livestock. The study found several examples in which agricultural intensification and/or environmental change were associated with an increased risk of zoonotic disease emergence, driven by the impact of an expanding human population and changing human behavior on the environment. We conclude that the rate of future zoonotic disease emergence or reemergence will be closely linked to the evolution of the agriculture-environment nexus. However, available research inadequately addresses the complexity and interrelatedness of environmental, biological, economic, and social dimensions of zoonotic pathogen emergence, which significantly limits our ability to predict prevent, and respond to zoonotic disease emergence.
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Edited by Jeffrey Sayer, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, and accepted by the Editorial Board December 21, 2012 (received for review June 14, 2012)
Author contributions: D.G., R.K., S.A., J.R., M.Y.S., D.M., J.M., and D.U.P. designed research; B.A.J., D.G., R.K., S.A., J.R., M.Y.S., D.M., F.M., J.Y., and D.U.P. performed research; B.A.J., D.G., R.K., S.A., J.R., M.Y.S., and D.U.P. analyzed data; and B.A.J., D.G., R.K., S.A., J.R., D.M., and D.U.P. wrote the paper.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1208059110