Depression as a predictor of mortality and hospitalization among hemodialysis patients in the United States and Europe

• Published in: Kidney international Vol. 62; no. 1; pp. 199 - 207
• Main Authors: Lopes, Antonio Alberto, Bragg, Jennifer, Young, Eric, Goodkin, David, Mapes, Donna, Combe, Christian, Piera, Luis, Held, Philip, Gillespie, Brenda, Port, Friedrich K., for the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (Dopps)
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 01.07.2002; Nature Publishing; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Analysis. Health state; Biological and medical sciences; depression; Depression - complications; end-stage renal disease (ESRD); Epidemiology; Europe; Female; General aspects; hemodialysis; Hospitalization; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; mortality; Public health. Hygiene; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine; Renal Dialysis - mortality; Renal Dialysis - psychology; Surveys and Questionnaires; United States; United States; North America; Europe; America; hemodialysis; mortality; depression; hospitalization; end-stage renal disease (ESRD); Kidney disease; Mood disorder; Human; Urinary system disease; Hemodialysis; Mortality; Prediction; Depression; Terminal stage; Hospitalization; Extrarenal dialysis; Treatment; Risk factor; Renal failure
• ISSN: 0085-2538; 1523-1755
• DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00411.x

Depression as a predictor of mortality and hospitalization among hemodialysis patients in the United States and Europe. Depression is not uncommon among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) being treated by hemodialysis. We investigated whether risk of mortality and rate of hospitalization may be predicted from physician-diagnosed depression and patients' self-reports of depressive symptoms. Data were analyzed from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS) for randomly selected ESRD patients being treated by hemodialysis in the United States (142 facilities, 2855 patients) and five European countries (101 facilities, 2401 patients). The diagnosis of depression during the past year was abstracted from the medical records. In addition, the patients were asked to indicate how much of their time over the previous four weeks they had felt (1) “so down in the dumps that nothing could cheer you up” and (2) “downhearted and blue.” A response of “a good bit,”“most,” or “all” of the time were classified as depressed. The prevalence of depression was nearly 20%. The relative risks of mortality and hospitalization among depressed (vs. non-depressed), adjusted for time on dialysis, age, race, socioeconomic status, comorbid indicators and country were, respectively: 1.23 and 1.11 for physician-diagnosed depression, 1.48 and 1.15 for the “so down in the dumps” question, and 1.35 and 1.11 for the “downhearted and blue” question (P < 0.05 for all six relative risks). These associations were not significantly different between US and European patients. Self-reported depression by two simple questions was associated with increased risks of mortality and hospitalization for hemodialysis patients. Future research needs to assess whether early identification and treatment of depression may help to improve quality of life and survival in hemodialysis patients.