Stromal Hedgehog pathway activation by IHH suppresses lung adenocarcinoma growth and metastasis by limiting reactive oxygen species

• Published in: Oncogene Vol. 39; no. 16; pp. 3258 - 3275
• Main Authors: Kasiri, Sahba, Chen, Baozhi, Wilson, Alexandra N., Reczek, Annika, Mazambani, Simbarashe, Gadhvi, Jashkaran, Noel, Evan, Marriam, Ummay, Mino, Barbara, Lu, Wei, Girard, Luc, Solis, Luisa M., Luby-Phelps, Katherine, Bishop, Justin, Kim, Jung-Whan, Kim, James
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 16.04.2020; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 13/1; 13/106; 13/31; 13/51; 14/5; 14/63; 38/109; 38/77; 38/90; 631/67/1612/1350; 631/67/2328; 631/67/327; 631/67/70; 631/80/304; 64/110; 64/60; 82/29; Acetylcysteine; Acetylcysteine - pharmacology; Adenocarcinoma; Adenocarcinoma of Lung - drug therapy; Adenocarcinoma of Lung - genetics; Adenocarcinoma of Lung - pathology; Animals; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic - pharmacology; Apoptosis; Blood Vessels - drug effects; Cell Biology; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Cellular signal transduction; CRISPR; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; DNA damage; DNA Damage - drug effects; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic - drug effects; Genetic aspects; Health aspects; Hedgehog protein; Hedgehog proteins; Hedgehog Proteins - genetics; Human Genetics; Humans; Internal Medicine; Kinases; Ligands; Lung - metabolism; Lung - pathology; Lung cancer; Lungs; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metastases; Mice; Mutation - genetics; Neoplasm Metastasis; Oncology; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) - genetics; Reactive oxygen species; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Signal transduction; Signal Transduction - drug effects; Stroma; Survival; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - genetics; Tumors; United States
• ISSN: 0950-9232; 1476-5594
• DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1224-5

Activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway by mutations within its components drives the growth of several cancers. However, the role of Hh pathway activation in lung cancers has been controversial. Here, we demonstrate that the canonical Hh signaling pathway is activated in lung stroma by Hh ligands secreted from transformed lung epithelia. Genetic deletion of Shh , the primary Hh ligand expressed in the lung, in Kras G12D/+ ;Trp53 fl/fl autochthonous murine lung adenocarcinoma had no effect on survival. Early abrogation of the pathway by an anti-SHH/IHH antibody 5E1 led to significantly worse survival with increased tumor and metastatic burden. Loss of IHH, another Hh ligand, by in vivo CRISPR led to more aggressive tumor growth suggesting that IHH, rather than SHH, activates the pathway in stroma to drive its tumor suppressive effects—a novel role for IHH in the lung. Tumors from mice treated with 5E1 had decreased blood vessel density and increased DNA damage suggestive of reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity. Treatment of Kras G12D/+ ;Trp53 fl/fl mice with 5E1 and N-acetylcysteine, as a ROS scavenger, decreased tumor DNA damage, inhibited tumor growth and prolonged mouse survival. Thus, IHH induces stromal activation of the canonical Hh signaling pathway to suppress tumor growth and metastases, in part, by limiting ROS activity.