Posttranslational mechanisms controlling centromere function and assembly

Accurate chromosome segregation is critical to ensure the faithful inheritance of the genome during cell division. Human chromosomes distinguish the location of the centromere from general chromatin by the selective assembly of CENP-A containing nucleosomes at the active centromere. The location of...

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Published inCurrent opinion in cell biology Vol. 52; pp. 126 - 135
Main Authors Srivastava, Shashank, Zasadzińska, Ewelina, Foltz, Daniel R
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2018
Subjects
Base Sequence - genetics
Humans
Mitosis - genetics
Protein Processing, Post-Translational - genetics
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Summary:Accurate chromosome segregation is critical to ensure the faithful inheritance of the genome during cell division. Human chromosomes distinguish the location of the centromere from general chromatin by the selective assembly of CENP-A containing nucleosomes at the active centromere. The location of centromeres in most higher eukaryotes is determined epigenetically, independent of DNA sequence. CENP-A containing centromeric chromatin provides the foundation for assembly of the kinetochore that mediates chromosome attachment to the microtubule spindle and controls cell cycle progression in mitosis. Here we review recent work demonstrating the role of posttranslational modifications on centromere function and CENP-A inheritance via the direct modification of the CENP-A nucleosome and pre-nucleosomal complexes, the modification of the CENP-A deposition machinery and the modification of histones within existing centromeres.
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These authors contributed equally.
ISSN:0955-0674
1879-0410
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2018.03.003