The effect of volunteer-led activities on the quality of life of volunteers, residents, and employees of a long-term care institution: a cohort study

• Published in: BMC geriatrics Vol. 23; no. 1; p. 151
• Main Authors: de Sandes-Guimarães, Luisa Veras, Dos Santos, Patrícia Carla, Alves, Carla Patricia Grossi Palácio, Cervato, Carina Junqueira, Silva, Ana Paula Alves, Leão, Eliseth Ribeiro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 20.03.2023; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Aged; Aged patients; Brazil; Care and treatment; Cohort analysis; Cohort Studies; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 - epidemiology; Elder care; Geriatrics; Humans; Long term health care; Long-Term Care; Long-term care facilities; Male; Methods; Mortality; Nursing homes; Older people; Pandemics; Quality of Life; Residential facilities; Services; Volunteerism; Volunteers; Brazil; COVID-19; Aged; Residential facilities; Volunteers; Quality of life
• ISSN: 1471-2318; 1471-2318
• DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03898-y

The COVID-19 pandemic primarily impacted long-term care facilities by restricting visiting and circulation of visitors, affecting the quality of life (QoL) of older adults living in these institutions. Volunteer activities, essential for older adults' daily life, were also interrupted and potentially negatively impacted the QoL of older adults, volunteers themselves, and also employees in these institutions. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the impact of the return of volunteer-led activities in a long-term care institution on the QoL of older adult residents, employees, and volunteers. This study used a pre-test and post-test design within the same group. The first round of data collection was conducted before volunteer-led activities returned and the second round after 1 month of return. The instrument used to assess QoL was the EUROHIS-QoL-8 scale. This study was conducted within a nursing home in São Paulo, Brazil, created in 1937 by members of the Israeli community living in Brazil. Volunteer-led activities were part of residents' daily life before the COVID-19 pandemic, when these activities were interrupted for about 20 months. A total of 79 individuals participated in both rounds (pre and post), of which: 29 residents, 27 volunteers, and 23 employees of the long-term care institution. Using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test, the analyses indicated improvements after the 1 month return in different QoL aspects for the three groups. Volunteers improved their personal relationships (Z - 2.332, p < .05), residents their overall health (Z - 2.409, p < .05) and employees in their overall QoL perception (Z - 2.714, p < .05). Influencing factors for residents were the number of activities (3 or more), gender (male), and education (undergraduate/graduate). For employees, those who assumed additional activities due to the volunteer-led activities interruption had a significant impact on their overall QoL. Evidence from this study suggests that volunteers' return positively impacted different QoL aspects for volunteers, residents, and employees.