Diet-induced weight loss decreases adipose tissue oxygen tension with parallel changes in adipose tissue phenotype and insulin sensitivity in overweight humans
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Although adipose tissue (AT) hypoxia is present in rodent models of obesity, evidence for this in humans is limited. Here, we investigated the effects of diet-induced weight loss (WL) on abdominal subcutaneous AT oxygen tension (pO 2 ), AT blood flow (ATBF), AT capillary densi...
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Published in | International Journal of Obesity Vol. 41; no. 5; pp. 722 - 728 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
London
Nature Publishing Group UK
01.05.2017
Nature Publishing Group |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:
Although adipose tissue (AT) hypoxia is present in rodent models of obesity, evidence for this in humans is limited. Here, we investigated the effects of diet-induced weight loss (WL) on abdominal subcutaneous AT oxygen tension (pO
2
), AT blood flow (ATBF), AT capillary density, AT morphology and transcriptome, systemic inflammatory markers and insulin sensitivity in humans.
SUBJECTS/METHODS:
Fifteen overweight and obese individuals underwent a dietary intervention (DI), consisting of a 5-week very-low-calorie diet (VLCD, 500 kcal day
−1
; WL), and a subsequent 4-week weight stable diet (WS). Body composition, AT pO
2
(optochemical monitoring), ATBF (
133
Xe washout), and whole-body insulin sensitivity were determined, and AT biopsies were collected at baseline, end of WL (week 5) and end of WS (week 9).
RESULTS:
Body weight, body fat percentage and adipocyte size decreased significantly during the DI period. The DI markedly decreased AT pO
2
and improved insulin sensitivity, but did not alter ATBF. Finally, the DI increased AT gene expression of pathways related to mitochondrial biogenesis and non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption.
CONCLUSIONS:
VLCD-induced WL markedly decreases abdominal subcutaneous AT pO
2
, which is paralleled by a reduction in adipocyte size, increased AT gene expression of mitochondrial biogenesis markers and non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption pathways, and improved whole-body insulin sensitivity in humans. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 |
ISSN: | 0307-0565 1476-5497 |
DOI: | 10.1038/ijo.2017.38 |