Heavy metal removal in groundwater originating from acid mine drainage using dead Bacillus drentensis sp. immobilized in polysulfone polymer

• Published in: Journal of environmental management Vol. 146; pp. 568 - 574
• Main Authors: Kim, Insu, Lee, Minhee, Wang, Sookyun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 15.12.2014; Elsevier; Academic Press Ltd
• Subjects: Acid mine drainage; Adsorption; AMD; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Applied ecology; Bacillus; Bacillus sp; Bacteria; Bio-carrier; Biological and medical sciences; Biomass; Conservation, protection and management of environment and wildlife; Environmental degradation: ecosystems survey and restoration; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects; Groundwater; Groundwater - chemistry; Groundwater remediation; Heavy metals; Metals, Heavy - analysis; Metals, Heavy - chemistry; Mining; Nutrient removal; Polymers; Polymers - chemistry; Polysulfone; Sulfones - chemistry; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis; Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry; Water Purification - methods; AMD; Groundwater remediation; Bio-carrier; Bacillus sp; Polysulfone; Heavy metals; Pollution control; Polymer; Bacillaceae; Environmental management; Heavy metal; Bacillales; Bacillus; Bacteria; Ecological recovery; Rehabilitation; Acid mine drainage; Ground water
• ISSN: 0301-4797; 1095-8630
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.042

Batch, column, and pilot scale feasibility experiments for a bio-sorption process using a bio-carrier (beads) with dead Bacillus drentensis sp. in polysulfone polymer were performed to remove heavy metals in groundwater originating from an acid mine drainage (AMD). For batch experiments, various amounts of bio-carrier each containing a different amount of dead biomass were added in artificial solution, of which the initial heavy metal concentration and pH were about 10 mg/L and 3, respectively. The heavy metal removal efficiencies of the bio-carrier under various conditions were calculated and more than 92% of initial Pb and Cu were found to have been removed from the solution when using 2 g of bio-carriers containing 5% biomass. For a continuous experiment with a column packed with bio-carriers (1 m in length and 0.02 m in diameter), more than 98% of Pb removal efficiency was maintained for 36 pore volumes and 1.553 g of Pb per g of bio-carrier was removed. For the pilot scale feasibility test, a total of 80 tons of groundwater (lower than pH of 4) were successfully treated for 40 working days and the removal efficiencies of Cu, Cd, Zn, and Fe were maintained above 93%, demonstrating that one kg of bio-carrier can clean up at least 1098 L of groundwater in the field. [Display omitted] •New process was applied for groundwater originating from acid mine drainage (AMD).•Metal removal efficiencies by Bacillus sp. immobilized bio-carrier were over 92%.•The successful use of the bio-carrier for groundwater even at low pH was proven.•Pilot scale feasibility test was performed for genuine groundwater in the field.