Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in a frozen-thawed embryo transfer pregnancy: a rare case report

• Published in: BMC pregnancy and childbirth Vol. 20; no. 1; p. 313
• Main Authors: Yang, Lihua, Wang, Rong, Wang, Fang, Wang, Feifeng, Zou, Libo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central 20.05.2020; BMC
• Subjects: Abdomen; Adult; Ascites; Blood; Body mass index; Case Report; Case reports; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Cryopreservation; Dichorionic diamniotic triplet pregnancy; Embryo Transfer - adverse effects; Embryos; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Frozen-thawed embryo transfer; Hormone replacement therapy; Humans; In vitro fertilization; Infertility; Live Birth; Multifetal pregnancy reduction; Oliguria; Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome - etiology; Ovaries; Ovulation; Ovulation Induction - adverse effects; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Rate; Pregnancy, Triplet; Reproductive technologies; Thyroid gland; Ultrasonic imaging; Uterus; Italy; Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; Frozen-thawed embryo transfer; Dichorionic diamniotic triplet pregnancy; Multifetal pregnancy reduction
• ISSN: 1471-2393; 1471-2393
• DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03014-7

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic complication of ovarian stimulation. Prevention and early recognition of OHSS are important to ensure patient safety. In this case, we reported a patient who underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) and in vitro fertilization (IVF). All embryos were cryopreserved to reduce possible OHSS. However, OHSS still occurred after the patient had a frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and obtained a dichorionic diamniotic triplet pregnancy. After multifetal pregnancy reduction (MFPR) and supportive treatment, all the symptoms regressed. Prompt recognition of OHSS, especially in patients who have no history of ovulation induction and fresh embryo transfer, is very important. Multiple pregnancies may lead to severe OHSS because of the high level of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the early stages. We suggest that a single embryo transfer may be necessary and beneficial for patients.