The use of perineural dexamethasone and transverse abdominal plane block for postoperative analgesia in cesarean section operations under spinal anesthesia: an observational study

• Published in: BMC anesthesiology Vol. 21; no. 1; p. 292
• Main Authors: Aga, Abdisa, Abrar, Meron, Ashebir, Zewetir, Seifu, Ashenafi, Zewdu, Dereje, Teshome, Diriba
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 22.11.2021; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Abdomen; Abdominal Muscles; Adult; Analgesia; Analgesics; Analgesics - administration & dosage; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Obstetrical - methods; Anesthesia, Spinal - methods; Anesthetics, Local - administration & dosage; Blood pressure; Bupivacaine; Bupivacaine - administration & dosage; Care and treatment; Cesarean section; Cesarean Section - methods; Cohort Studies; Dexamethasone; Dexamethasone - administration & dosage; Diclofenac; Female; Humans; Medical personnel; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Nerve Block - methods; Observational studies; Pain; Pain management; Pain Measurement; Pain perception; Pain, Postoperative - drug therapy; Patients; Perineural; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Pulse oximetry; Sample size; Statistical analysis; Statistical sampling; Steroids; Surgery; Time Factors; Tramadol; Transverses abdominal plane block; Vital signs; Young Adult; Ethiopia; Addis Ababa Ethiopia; Transverses abdominal plane block; Perineural; Dexamethasone
• ISSN: 1471-2253; 1471-2253
• DOI: 10.1186/s12871-021-01513-4

During transverses abdominal plane block (TAP) procedure to provide analgesia in cesarean section (CS) operation, the use of perineural dexamethasone as an additive agent may improve pain relief and may cause a prolonged block duration. This study aims to investigate whether perineural dexamethasone, when added to bupivacaine local anesthetic agent during a TAP block, may provide adequate pain relief without adverse events. This is a prospective cohort study of fifty-eight patients undergoing elective CS with spinal anesthesia. We hypothesized to perform bilateral TAP block using perineural dexamethasone as an additive agent. The patients were randomly divided into two groups using a systematic random sampling method. While one group of patients received perineural dexamethasone of 8 mg additive agent together with bupivacaine 0.25% 40 ml (Group TAPD), the other group received only bupivacaine 0.25% 40 ml in TAP block (Group TAPA). The primary outcomes are the period for the first request of postoperative pain relief medication and the numerical rating scale (NRS) pain intensity scores at 2, 6, 12, and 24 h after surgery. The secondary outcomes are comparing the 24-h tramadol and diclofenac analgesic requirements and the incidences of side effects on postoperative day one. A p-value of < 0.05 is statistically significant. The time to first analgesic request was 8.5 h (8.39-9.79) in the TAPD group versus 5.3 h (5.23-5.59) in the TAPA group, respectively. (p < 0.001) The median NRS scores were significantly reduced in the TAPD group compared to the TAPA group at 6, 12, and 24 h after surgery (p-values < 0.001). The total analgesics consumption over 24 h postoperatively was lower in Group TAPD compared to Group TAPA (p < 0.05). An additive agent of perineural dexamethasone at a dose of 8 mg during bilateral TAP block for elective CS operation under spinal anesthesia provided better pain relief on postoperative day 1.