The expression of proteins involved in digestion and detoxification are regulated in Helicoverpa armigera to cope up with chlorpyrifos insecticide

• Published in: Insect science Vol. 23; no. 1; pp. 68 - 77
• Main Authors: Dawkar, Vishal V., Chikate, Yojana R., More, Tushar H., Gupta, Vidya S., Giri, Ashok P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Australia Blackwell Pub 01.02.2016; Blackwell Publishing Ltd; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Adaptation, Physiological - drug effects; Adaptation, Physiological - genetics; Animal Feed - analysis; Animals; chlorpyrifos; Chlorpyrifos - pharmacology; Chromatography; Digestion - drug effects; Digestion - genetics; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects; Helicoverpa armigera; Inactivation, Metabolic - drug effects; Inactivation, Metabolic - genetics; Insect Proteins - genetics; Insect Proteins - metabolism; insecticide resistance; Insecticide Resistance - genetics; Insecticides - pharmacology; Intestines - drug effects; Intestines - metabolism; Intestines - physiology; Larva - drug effects; Larva - growth & development; Mass spectrometry; Proteins; proteomics; real-time PCR; Scientific imaging; 杀虫剂; 棉铃虫; 植物化学物质; 毒死蜱; 毒蛋白; 气相色谱-质谱联用; 消化; 表达调控; insecticide resistance; real-time PCR; Helicoverpa armigera; proteomics; chlorpyrifos
• ISSN: 1672-9609; 1744-7917
• DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12177

Helicoverpa armigera is a key pest in many vital crops, which is mainly controlled by chemical strategies. To manage this pest is becoming challenging due to its ability and evolution of resistance against insecticides. Further, its subsequent spread on nonhost plant is remarkable in recent times. Hence, decoding resistance mechanism against phytochemicals and synthetic insecticides is a major challenge. The present work describes that the digestion, defense and immunity related enzymes are associated with chlorpyrifos resistance in H. armigera. Proteomic analysis of H. armigera gut tissue upon feeding on chlorpyrifos containing diet (CH) and artificial diet (AD) using nano‐liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry identified upregulated 23‐proteins in CH fed larvae. Database searches combined with gene ontology analysis revealed that the identified gut proteins engrossed in digestion, proteins crucial for immunity, adaptive responses to stress, and detoxification. Biochemical and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis of candidate proteins indicated that insects were struggling to get nutrients and energy in presence of CH, while at the same time endeavoring to metabolize chlorpyrifos. Moreover, we proposed a potential processing pathway of chlorpyrifos in H. armigera gut by examining the metabolites using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. H. armigera exhibit a range of intriguing behavioral, morphological adaptations and resistance to insecticides by regulating expression of proteins involved in digestion and detoxification mechanisms to cope up with chlorpyrifos. In these contexts, as gut is a rich repository of biological information; profound analysis of gut tissues can give clues of detoxification and resistance mechanism in insects.