Influence of diurnal phase on behavioral tests of sensorimotor performance, anxiety, learning and memory in mice

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 432
• Main Authors: Tsao, Chi-Hui, Flint, Jonathan, Huang, Guo-Jen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Nature Publishing Group 10.01.2022; Nature Publishing Group UK; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: Animal behavior; Animals; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Behavior; Circadian Rhythm; Circadian rhythms; Diurnal; Female; Male; Memory - physiology; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morris Water Maze Test; Performance anxiety; Psychomotor Performance; Sensorimotor system; Sex Characteristics; Spatial discrimination learning; Spatial Learning - physiology; Spatial memory
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03155-5

Behavioral measurements in mice are critical tools used to evaluate the effects of interventions. Whilst mice are nocturnal animals, many studies conduct behavioral tests during the day. To better understand the effects of diurnal rhythm on mouse behaviors, we compared the results from behavioral tests conducted in the active and inactive phases. C57BL/6 mice were used in this study; we focus on sensorimotor performance, anxiety, learning and memory. Overall, our results show mice exhibit slightly higher cutaneous sensitivity, better long-term contextual memory, and a greater active avoidance escape response during the active phase. We did not observe significant differences in motor coordination, anxiety, or spatial learning and memory. Furthermore, apart from the elevated-O-maze, there was no remarkable sex effect among these tests. This study provides information on the effects of different diurnal phases on types of behavior and demonstrates the importance of the circadian cycle on learning and memory. Although we did not detect differences in anxiety and spatial learning/memory, diurnal rhythm may interact with other factors to influence these behaviors.