Immune Conversion of Tumor Microenvironment by Oncolytic Viruses: The Protoparvovirus H-1PV Case Study

Cancer cells utilize multiple mechanisms to evade and suppress anticancer immune responses creating a "cold" immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Oncolytic virotherapy is emerging as a promising approach to revert tumor immunosuppression and enhance the efficacy of other forms of immu...

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Published inFrontiers in immunology Vol. 10; p. 1848
Main Authors Marchini, Antonio, Daeffler, Laurent, Pozdeev, Vitaly I, Angelova, Assia, Rommelaere, Jean
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers 07.08.2019
Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects
Biological Physics
combination therapy
H-1PV
immunogenic cell death
Immunology
immunotherapy
oncolytic viruses
Physics
tumor microenvironment
checkpoint blockade
immunogenic cell death
immunotherapy
H-1PV
combination therapy
tumor microenvironment
oncolytic viruses
apoptotic cells
t-cells
cell-death
vaccinia virus
parvovirus h-1pv
signaling pathways
cells
Immunology
cancer
dendritic
herpes-simplex-virus
i interferon response
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Summary:Cancer cells utilize multiple mechanisms to evade and suppress anticancer immune responses creating a "cold" immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Oncolytic virotherapy is emerging as a promising approach to revert tumor immunosuppression and enhance the efficacy of other forms of immunotherapy. Growing evidence indicates that oncolytic viruses (OVs) act in a multimodal fashion, inducing immunogenic cell death and thereby eliciting robust anticancer immune responses. In this review, we summarize information about OV-mediated immune conversion of the tumor microenvironment. As a case study we focus on the rodent protoparvovirus H-1PV and its dual role as an oncolytic and immune modulatory agent. Potential strategies to improve H-1PV anticancer efficacy are also discussed.
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Reviewed by: Cristina Maccalli, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Qatar; Adel Samson, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
This article was submitted to Vaccines and Molecular Therapeutics, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology
Present address: Vitaly I. Pozdeev, Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
Edited by: Roberto S. Accolla, University of Insubria, Italy
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01848